Explanation of UNESCO abbreviations and general information about the organization. Unesco decoding, tangible heritage of mankind, intangible cultural heritage of mankind What does the circle symbolize in the emblem of the World Heritage

One of the few organizations on a global scale is UNESCO. The decoding of the abbreviation, covering almost all countries of the world of the association, is not just an abbreviation for the first letters of a long name, it is something more. It consists of 195 participating countries, 7 indirect members and 2 observer states. The World Heritage List includes 1,007 sites around the world, 27 of which are represented by Russia. The organization is engaged not only in the collection and preservation of the heritage of mankind, but also makes an exorbitant contribution to the development of world culture.

Without a doubt, the decoding of the word UNESCO should be familiar and understandable to every person on earth. Representatives of the association fight for the preservation of world culture, stand for peaceful coexistence and develop science, and all this through the interaction and cooperation of the united nations.

The meaning and decoding of UNESCO

Translated from English by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the literal decoding of UNESCO sounds like: on education, science and culture. Each of the three main categories also includes a huge number of industries, none of which is without the attention and participation of the organization. All the most significant and major events related to culture, science or education are held with the participation of the association.

History of creation

In 2014, the global organization celebrated its 70th anniversary. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization began its long journey at the end of 1945, November 14 is considered the official birthday. In the same year, the charter of the association was drawn up, it was adopted immediately at a conference in London, but only a year later it entered into force. At that time, it was approved by representatives of 20 participating countries. Almost a decade later, in 1954, the USSR joined UNESCO, becoming its 70th member.

At the moment, bureaus from the organization are scattered around the world, and there are about 60 offices and divisions. The head office is located in Paris, France. Once every 2 years, a general conference is held there, which includes representatives of all participating countries, as well as observers and passively participating states. Regardless of financial participation or any other factors, each representative of his country has one vote at the conference. During the meeting, questions about the budget for the next 2 years are taken, members of the executive board are elected, once every 4 years Gen. Director, and discusses the general direction of the association.

Organization Functions

As already mentioned, the UNESCO transcript is not just an abbreviation, but something more. The work of the organization includes:

• A look at the future in the world of science, culture, education and communications. It is UNESCO that conducts research and determines the most promising areas in these areas.
• A global exchange of knowledge and experience based on a solid foundation backed by the latest scientific advances and research.
• Appointment and approval of normative acts that are binding throughout the world.
• Provides support to government members to correct their science and education policies in the right direction.
• Exchange of specialized information on a global scale.

What is the UNESCO IAA / AIAP? Decryption

This is one of the branches of the global association, the decoding of UNESCO no longer raises questions, in turn, the IAA / AIAP (IAA / AIAP) International Association of Art, from English means the International Association of Arts. Russia joined the association in 1995 and has been active in it ever since.

The main responsibilities of the community include:

• solving problems with social protection of artists;
• movement of copyright art around the world without restrictions;
• introduction of a single world ticket for visiting museums and exhibitions;
• participation of artists in the design of urban architecture.

And much more.

UNESCO Secretariat under the leadership of Gen. The detectors are engaged in the implementation of the plan for the development of world culture adopted by all participating countries. In addition, the organization awards prizes and awards in the fields of science, culture and education, including the famous Felix Houphouet-Boigny Prize and the L "Oréal Prize - Women in Science. In addition, the organization takes part in the celebration and organization of important memorable dates for participating countries It will not be difficult even for a completely inexperienced person to estimate the size of the contribution to the myrrh culture.

« Culture will save the world”- this is how one can characterize the motto that guided the countries immediately after the end of the Second World War. Time has shown that no art can prevent conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq or Yugoslavia. But every educated person should know what UNESCO is. Even if the hopes associated with its creation never came true.

What is UNESCO: transcript

The international name of the organization looks like UNESCO and is an abbreviation of the words United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Translated into Russian, each word is translated as follows: Organization of the [united] nations [which is in charge of] education, research and culture. The institution was founded in 1945 as part of the UN structure.

The main goals have not changed for more than half a century of its existence:

• Combating misunderstandings and conflicts among the peoples of the world by expanding communication in the field of art and culture;
• Implementation of the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, especially in terms of equality of all representatives of the human race;
• Assistance to backward regions of the world (primarily African countries south of the Sahara);
• Elimination of discrimination against women in the cultural sphere;
• Combating violations of freedom of speech in third world countries;
• Elimination of the digital divide between the regions of the planet and within each state;
• Also under the scope of the attention of the workers of the institution are a number of topics that require the collective participation of many states. These include the resolution of post-war conflicts, the salvation of endangered languages, the education of young people, and so on.

The place and role of Russia in the organization

The position of our country in the UNESCO organization can be described as favorable. This is largely due to the superpower status of the Soviet Union, the trace of which is still felt in the international role of the country.

Cooperation between Russia and the main cultural body of the planet is quite fruitful:

• The USSR joined the international club only in 1954 - ten years after its foundation. Statesmen believed to use this infrastructure to spread communist values ​​around the world;
• All documentation is traditionally duplicated in Russian (one of the official languages ​​of the UN), which allows any resident of the country who has access to the Internet to familiarize himself with it.
• The UNESCO office was opened in the country's capital only in 1994, when the Soviet Union had already fallen asleep;
• Initially, the activities of the Bureau were limited only to the territory of the Russian Federation, but after 2002 it spread to many CIS countries;
• The secretariat of the Commission of the Russian Federation in UNESCO is located in the structure of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its main goal is to fulfill the goals stated at the General Conference, taking into account local specifics;
• In 2009, a permanent representation of Russia also operates at the headquarters. Its activities are reduced to planning events, round tables, conferences on certain issues. For example, on the initiative of the Representation, an international celebration of the 50th anniversary of Gagarin's flight took place.

Where is the headquarters of UNESCO located?

The governing body of UNESCO is located in the capital of France. After the central office of the United Nations was located in New York, the United States was not considered as the location of the new institution. Paris, as the cultural capital of Europe, was the best suited for this role.

Management is provided through the following bodies:

• The General Conference is a meeting of the participating countries held every couple of years on the selection of current tasks and the mechanism for their implementation. Almost all conferences were held in the headquarters building. Only a few took place in other world capitals;
• Executive Council - the work of this body is reduced to preparing materials for future conferences and monitoring compliance with past decisions;
• Secretariat - is in charge of the practical implementation of the provisions approved at the General Conferences.

Elective offices are elected not only on the basis of simple majority votes, but also on the basis of gender, race and regional representation. Periodic rotation is designed to eliminate such a situation that all key positions are seized by white men alone.

World Heritage: what is it?

Unique and valuable cultural objects can be destroyed due to poor governance, military conflicts or momentary commercial interest. To prevent this from happening, World Heritage Institute. This is a UNESCO-approved list of artifacts that should be protected in the first place.

An object is included in its list if it meets the following criteria:

• Demonstrates the possibilities of the human mind;
• It is an exceptional and no longer repeated creation, which in itself is evidence of an era;
• Closely associated with religion or tradition;
• An example of a paradigm shift in thinking, science and technology;
• It is not an outstanding work of art, but "participated" in life-changing events for the world;
• An example of a beneficial interaction between man and nature.

The list can include not only the creation of a human genius, but also an exclusively natural formation, if it:

• Has a high aesthetic value;
• It is a monument of the geological era or a vivid example of characteristic relief formations;
• Location of evolutionary changes that took place in the biosphere;
• It is a habitat for unique living organisms that are endangered.

How is the contribution to UNESCO assessed?

Since UNESCO does not belong to any state (locating in France is more than formal), it is seriously dependent on conscientious donations from the participants. Almost all countries of the world (about 205) are members of UNESCO.

Features of the payment of contributions:

• The key criterion for determining the amount of payments is the size of the nominal gross domestic product. For this reason, the US has long been the leading donor of funds (until it stopped giving money for political reasons);
• The currency doesn't really matter. However, in most cases, transactions are made in euros or dollars. The exchange rate is determined by its own methodology and does not depend on short-term fluctuations on stock exchanges;
• In extremely rare cases, money does not come from states, but from legal entities or individual patrons. However, such a source has never been considered by the secretariat as the main one;
• The long-term budget is approved for six years, the short-term - for two years. The turnover of the organization reaches more than half a billion dollars.

Despite its declared independence, the institution is heavily influenced by the largest economies in the world. The latest example of financial blackmail is the cessation of appropriations by Japan, which does not want to admit its responsibility for the Nanjing massacre.

Video about the new symbol of cultural heritage

In this video, Arthur Morin will tell you how France decided to recognize Armenian lavash as a UNESCO cultural heritage:

Abbreviation for UNESCO which stands for "United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization", the name of this institution can be translated into Russian as "United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization".
He is engaged in developing cooperation between different countries in terms of culture, education and science, as well as protecting intangible and material values ​​from complete disappearance. This institution was founded 16 november 1945 year. The main headquarters is located in the capital of France. As part of this institution are 67 bureaus located in different parts of the world.

Twenty countries signed the UNESCO Charter and it entered into force 4 november 1946 years. Nowadays, this institution houses 192 member country, as well as 6 states of staff. As Wikipedia points out at the main office of UNESCO in Paris, 173 member countries have permanent missions.

UNESCO World Heritage

This organization has chosen the most outstanding natural and cultural values ​​that are intended to be the heritage of all mankind. According to the latest data, the list of specially protected monuments includes 1007 objects.
As for Russia, it is occupying 1/8 part of the land and being in fact the largest country in the world has only 27 valuable objects. This circumstance cannot but cause surprise. It is strange that UNESCO actually found something of value on our territory

So the values ​​of Russia according to UNESCO:

intangible heritage

As Comrade Shurik said in one old and famous comedy, these are "rituals, customs, fairy tales, legends and toasts." Also, gentlemen from UNESCO are very interested in various artifacts, antiquities, skills and knowledge that are passed down from generation to generation - recognized by groups, peoples, communities, and sometimes even individuals, as a cultural heritage.

History of UNESCO video

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Modern Encyclopedia

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Books

• World heritage of Russia. Book 1. Architecture, Sirotkina Alla. The book tells about the cultural monuments of Russia included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Their description and history are given. Each object is represented by at least 25-30 photographs,…
• World heritage of Russia. Book 2. Nature. Photoalbum, Sirotkina A.. The books tell about the cultural and natural monuments of Russia, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The first volume - 14 architectural, the second volume - 12 natural objects. They are given…