The Red Book of Russia. Rare animals and plants from the Red Book of Russia with photos and descriptions
Today, due to the extremely aggressive anthropogenization of our planet, as well as the fact that nature is suffering more and more from the results of human activity, littering it with various man-made wastes, and often simply their frivolous attitude towards flora and fauna, many species of animals, from time immemorial, living in various territories of Russia, found themselves on the verge of extinction.
In order to stop this process at least a little and teach people to take care of the wildlife around them, the Red Book of Russia was created. It includes not only animals, the number of which, due to their destruction by humans, is sometimes only a couple of dozen individuals, but also plants, insects, birds, mushrooms...
Animals from the Red Book of Russia
Below are animals listed in the Red Book of Russia, which should be treated with special attention and thrift.
Body length up to 1 meter, weight from 12 to 21 kg, externally resembles a fox, which is why it suffered. Would-be hunters, not particularly versed in the intricacies of zoology, subjected this species to mass shooting. Basically, the mountain wolf attracted people with its beautiful fluffy fur, bright red color and distinctive “zest” - the tip of the tail, which, unlike a fox, was black. The red wolf lives in the Far East, China and Mongolia, prefers to move in small packs - from 8 to 15 individuals.
A three-meter long Pacific eared seal, habitat: the Kuril and Commander Islands, Kamchatka and Alaska. The body length of an adult male sea lion can reach three meters, and its weight can reach one ton!
The Amur (Ussuri) tiger is a rare subspecies of felines that has survived on the territory of our country. It is known that on the coastal ridge of the Sikhote-Alin the population of these wild cats is still the smallest. Amur tigers can reach two meters in length. Their tail is also long - up to one meter.
Taimen is included in the Red Book of Russia and is especially protected in several regions of the Russian Federation. According to the IUCN, populations common taimen extirpated or significantly reduced in 39 of 57 river basins: only a few populations living in remote areas are considered stable.
Musk deer is a cloven-hoofed animal that looks like a deer, but unlike it, does not have horns. But the musk deer has another means of defense - fangs growing on the upper jaw of the animal, because of which this essentially harmless creature was even considered a vampire, drinking the blood of other animals.
The forest dormouse is officially listed in the Red Book of some regions of the Russian Federation. These are Kursk, Oryol, Tambov and Lipetsk region. On international level this species is protected by the Vienna Convention. It is also listed on the IUCN Red List.
The Far Eastern leopard is an intelligent animal, listed in the Red Book, which will never attack a person. But does our man think so? No! Poachers, despite the bans, continue to exterminate these animals, and not only them. The leopard's main food, roe deer and sika deer, is also being destroyed en masse. In addition, for the sake of the construction of new highways and households, entire forests are destroyed, as well as animals and all vegetation.
A short-headed dolphin with black sides and fins, a body length of about three meters. A small beak up to 5 cm makes them cute and unusual. In Russian waters, the white-faced dolphin lives only in the Barents and Baltic seas.
Another predator listed in the Red Book of Russia. Habitat snow leopard— mountainous regions of Central Asia. It is precisely because of living in a hard-to-reach and harsh environment that this animal has still retained its registration in the list of animals existing on our planet, although they are already rare.
Argali is by far the largest representative belonging to the category of wild sheep. The Latin species name ammon traces the name of the god Amon.
Amur goral
A subspecies of mountain goat, it lives in the Primorsky Territory; representatives of this species stay together in small groups - from 6 to 8 individuals. The number of this species in Russia is small - approximately 700 individuals. A species similar to the Amur goral is found on the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas.
At the beginning of the last century, the sika deer almost disappeared from the face of the earth. They killed him for delicious meat, original skin, but especially because of the young velvety horns (antlers), on the basis of which miraculous potions were made.
In a significant part of its range, the Far Eastern tortoise is a fairly common species, but in Russia this reptile is a rare species, the total number of which is rapidly declining.
A subspecies of wild Asian ass, on this moment practically never found in nature. Individual individuals have been recorded in Central Asia and the Middle East. To restore the population of the species, one of the reserves in Turkmenistan was forced to take up artificial breeding these animals.
A wild cat with very fluffy and long hair - there are up to 9,000 hairs per square centimeter of the body! Found in Tyva, the Altai Republic and Transbaikalia.
Asiatic cheetah
Previously, it lived on a vast territory from the Arabian Sea to the valley of the Syr Darya River, now the number of this species in nature is about 10 individuals, and in zoos around the world - only 23.
Its habitat is Barents and Kara Sea. The body length of an adult walrus reaches up to 4 meters, and its weight reaches up to one and a half tons. By the middle of the twentieth century, it was almost completely exterminated; now, thanks to the efforts of ecologists, there is a slow growth of the population, but no one can say the exact number of the species, since it is very, very difficult to get to the rookeries of these animals without special equipment and icebreakers.
Dzeren
A small, slender, light-footed antelope. The height of males is up to 85 cm and weight about 40 kg, black hollow horns, yellowish-ocher fur color. Females reach a height of up to 75 cm and a weight of up to 30 kg. These antelopes are typical inhabitants of steppes and deserts, previously found in the south Gorny Altai, but were forced out of there due to the active settlement of these places by people.
The Central Asian leopard, also known as the Caucasian leopard (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica), belongs to predatory mammals from the Feline family. This subspecies of leopard lives mainly in western Asia and is a striking, but very rare representative of the Panther genus.
These are just a few of the inhabitants natural communities, whose existence is under threat.
Video: Red Book of Russia
Animals are protected all over the world
Many other species of endangered animals are listed in the Red Book. However, animal protection is carried out not only on the territory of the Russian Federation, but throughout. Below are individuals that are protected in other countries.
The lion has always been the king of animals, even in ancient times this animal was idolized. For the ancient Egyptians, the lion acted as a sentry creature guarding the entrance to the other world. For the ancient Egyptians, the god of fertility Aker was depicted with lion's mane. IN modern world, on many state emblems the king of beasts is depicted.
Loriids belong to a fairly large family of primates. These arboreal inhabitants are relatives of the galagidae family, and together form the infra-order Lorisiformes.
The blue macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) is a feathered representative of the parrot family, as well as the only species of the genus Blue Macaws from the order Psittacidae.
The Bengal tiger (lat. Panthera tigris tigris or Panthera tigris bengalensis) is a subspecies of tiger belonging to the order Carnivora, the Feline family and the Panther genus. Bengal tigers are the national animal of historical Bengal or Bangladesh, as well as China and India and are listed in the Red Book.
Few people know that the leatherback turtle (lut) appears on all official papers of the maritime department belonging to the Republic of Fiji. For residents of the archipelago sea turtle represents speed and excellent navigation skills.
Brown bear
Brown or common bear, is a predatory mammal from the bear family. This is one of the largest and dangerous species terrestrial predators.
Steppe harrier (Cirсus macrourus) - endangered species, migratory predatory bird, belonging to the family Accipitridae and the order Accipitridae.
The largest sea turtles are very beautiful in natural environment when grazing in coastal waters in dense algae or cutting through the surface of the water with powerful front paws equipped with flippers.
The olive ridley turtle, also called the olive ridley, is a small sea turtle that is now under protection due to the threat of extinction due to extermination by humans and the influence of natural threats.
South America is home to one unique animal called maned wolf(guara). It has both the features of a wolf and a fox and is a relict animal. Guara has unusual appearance: graceful, atypical for a wolf, physique, long legs, sharp muzzle and rather large ears.
The spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), also well known as the Andean bear, is a rare predatory mammal belonging to the family of bears and the genus Spectacled bears.
The Red Book of Russia is an annotated list of the rarest animals and plants on Earth that are in danger of extinction. Here you will learn about some of the rarest animals listed in the Red Book of Russia, and which should be protected by paying attention to them Special attention. And in order to protect some individuals, it is simply necessary to remove some individuals to the safest protective zones, sanctuaries or reserves. but for this you need a License for the export of animals and plants, which the company MinPromTest, a center for certification and licensing, will help you obtain.
Rare and endangered animals of Russia: Red or mountain wolf
This representative of the animal world has a body up to 1 meter long and can weigh from 12 to 21 kg. Outwardly, it can be confused with a fox, and this is precisely one of the main reasons for its extinction. Hunters who know a little about animals shoot mountain wolves in large numbers. He attracted people's attention with his fluffy fur, which has a beautiful bright red color. It is also worth noting that his tail is slightly different from a fox's, having a black tip. The habitat of this wolf is the Far East, China and Mongolia.
The rarest animals in Russia: Przewalski's Horse
There are only about two thousand representatives of this species left on Earth. Interesting fact- as an experimental project, in the early 1990s, several individuals were released into the wild, and not just somewhere, but into the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. There they began to multiply, and now there are about one hundred of them in the zone.
Rare species of animals of Russia: Amur goral
This subspecies of mountain goat lives in the Primorsky Territory. Typically, the Amur goral lives and moves in small groups of 6 - 8 individuals. There are about 700 individuals in Russia. It is worth noting that a species similar to the Amur goral can be found on the Tibetan Plateau and in the Himalayas.
Animals in the Red Book of Russia (photo): Western Caucasian tur or Caucasian mountain goat
The West Caucasian Tur lives in the Caucasus Mountains, namely along the Russian-Georgian border. It was recorded in the Red Book of Russia “thanks to” human activity, as well as due to mating with the East Caucasian aurochs. The latter leads to the birth of infertile individuals.
Animals from the Red Book of Russia: Atlantic walrus
The habitat of this rare species is the Barents and Kara Seas. An adult can reach a length of 4 meters, and the weight of the Atlantic walrus can be about one and a half tons. It is worth noting that by the middle of the twentieth century this species was almost completely exterminated. Today, thanks to the efforts of specialists, a slight increase in the population is being recorded, although the exact number is still impossible to say, since without special equipment it is extremely difficult to get to the rookeries of these representatives of the animal world.
What animals are in the Red Book of Russia: Steller sea lion
This 3-meter long Pacific eared seal lives on the Kuril and Commander Islands, as well as Kamchatka and Alaska. An adult male can reach a length of 3 meters, and it can weigh up to one ton.
Endangered species in Russia: White-faced dolphin
Like the body of the sea lion, the body of this animal can reach a length of 3 meters. The short-headed dolphin is distinguished by black sides and fins. You can meet it in the Baltic and Barents seas.
Endangered animals from the Red Book of Russia: Far Eastern (Amur) leopard
In Russia, this critically endangered species can be found in the Primorsky Territory. Several more individuals can be found in northeast China and the Korean Peninsula. It is worth noting that in 2013, in southwestern Primorye, experts were able to count 49 Far Eastern leopards. This animal is strictly protected in China, where killing it is punishable by the death penalty. Amur leopard has become a critically endangered species mainly due to poaching.
Rare animals from the Red Book of Russia: Asiatic cheetah
Previously, it could be found on a vast territory that stretched from the Arabian Sea to the valley of the Syrdarya River. Today in nature there are only about 10 individuals of this rare species, and in all zoos in the world you can count 23 representatives of the Asian cheetah.
Endangered Animals of Russia: Amur Tiger
The first thing that comes to mind for many when it comes to the rarest animals in Russia is the Amur tiger. This northernmost tiger is not only an incredibly rare species, but also very beautiful - on its belly there is a five-centimeter layer of fat that protects the animal from frost.
Plants and animals listed in the Red Book: 7 delicate flowers + 10 the rarest representatives fauna + 2 real stories from life.
No, we don’t argue: love for your dear cat Vaska is a sacred thing, because he will purr in your ear, run for a candy wrapper, and lie next to you while you try to figure out all the intricacies of the detective.
But there are still so many plants in the world! Those of them that are on the verge of extinction and seeing them is a great success are listed in the Red Book.
Plants and animals listed in the Red Book of Russia are under state protection, and therefore the maximum you can afford is to photograph them as a souvenir. Well, and then collect “likes” on social networks - how could we do without it?!
The Red Book is a kind of “SOS” signal from the plants and animals listed there that are in danger of extinction:
Scientists wanted this book not only to inform “Chief, everything is lost!”, but also to encourage studying nature and treating it with care;
There are international, national (for example, Russia) and even regional editions of the book.
Hmm, maybe publish a Red Book of your apartment and include in it not only the almost tame spider Bodya, which you try to drive out from under the closet from time to time?
It took 11 years to prepare the first international edition of the book with information about endangered species of animals and plants!
Do you still think that five years of studying at the university is mortal boredom and hard labor?
The Red Book of Russia is updated every 10 years, based on the results scientific research endangered species.
And it seems to us that as soon as some animal or plant from the book is no longer in danger and is crossed off from the “black” list, biologists clink beakers with diluted alcohol in joy;
If the first edition of the Russian book included only animals and plants, then the next edition added birds, fish, amphibians and other living creatures.
Just like Noah's Ark!
Plants and animals listed in the Red Book of Russia: amazing things are nearby!
Their beauty is breathtaking: 7 of the most luxurious plants listed in the Red Book of Russia
Of course, violets, geraniums, cacti and other familiar plants will add comfort to your home, but for real exotics listed in the Red Book, you need to go further:
One-piece copy: 10 of the rarest animals listed in the Red Book of Russia
If you meet in wildlife someone from our top 10 rarest animals listed in the Red Book of Russia, the honor and respect of zoologists is guaranteed to you:
You can find out about all endangered animals and plants in the Red Book of Russia by following this link https://cicon.ru/
15 animals listed in the Red Book that can be seen in Moscow
The Red Book of Moscow (yes, yes, there is such a thing) contains many animals, meeting which will be a real adventure for smart city dwellers:
- the water vole is a close relative of hamsters that are sold in pet stores;
- the red-headed noctule is another bat that can spoil your nerves on a dark Moscow night;
- the forest pipistrelle – another “beauty”, listed in the Red Book, from the family of bats;
forest ferret.
If you can’t surprise some “wizard of the forest Olesya” with these animals, then it’s easy to surprise a native Muscovite. Quickly take your smartphone out of your pocket!
hazel dormouse.
A small animal not too different from a ferret;
brown hare.
It is this eternal hero of the Russians folk tales listed in the Red Book of Moscow;
white hare.
Unlike his hare brother, he is a real “blonde”;
Brandt's bat and water bat.
Bats are small in size: they won’t harm, but these animals can scare an impressionable young lady;
water shrew.
If you don’t have a soft spot for mice and moles, then this animal is unlikely to cause you any tenderness;
forest mousetrap.
It also does not shine with beauty, but is a very rare animal;
brown long-eared bat
A bat with large ears, like those of a nosy neighbor;
two-tone leather.
A bat that tries to become “cute” due to the classic black and white color, but it doesn’t work out very well;
common hedgehog.
Yeah, that same animal that puffs funny and won’t refuse milk. You can go out to the park on a foggy morning and shout, scaring away the dog walkers: “Hedgehog, where are you?”;
Yes, this animal, listed in the Red Book, has beautiful fur, but you shouldn’t mentally let it become a fur coat. And in general, eco-fur (read: artificial) is in fashion now;
ermine.
So, there is no need to dream of a fur coat from a poor animal: you are not Madame Gritsatsueva, trying to keep Ostap Bender near you.
Plants and animals listed in the Red Book: how are they protected by law in practice?
Story No. 1. Fading beauty
Every spring, a friend of the author of the article begins her annual crusade against the grannies selling snowdrops near the market: she tries to explain to them that this plant is from the Red Book, picking it is a real barbarity, she also pokes printouts from the Internet in the faces of the aunties where it is listed the amount of the fine for violation of environmental legislation.
The final chord of this event is calling the police!
But law enforcement officers only disperse the traders for half an hour rare plants and leave on their terribly important business. The aunties sit down to trade again.
“I remind myself of Don Quixote, fighting with windmills, but I can’t do it any other way: I want my daughter to see snowdrops and other endangered plants not only in photographs, but also while walking through the forest.”, - Katya sighs.
From this video you will learn about 10 rarest animals
from the Red Book of Russia, which are worth taking care of:
Story No. 2. “Smile, they’re filming you!”
Eco-activists in the Ukrainian city of Uzhgorod took a different path: they began to publish in social networks photographs not only of traders of plants listed in the Red Book (snowdrops, certain varieties of sage, etc.), but also of those who buy such goods.
“A couple of times after we posted photos and videos of officials from the city administration buying these plants (either for their wives or mistresses), things went downhill for the traders: who wants to be photographed buying prohibited flowers ? And if there is no demand, there is no supply,”- activist Vyacheslav rejoices at the first successes in the fight for plant conservation.
Now you can assert, with the air of an expert, that in order to see plants and animals listed in the Red Book, it is not necessary to rush into the remote taiga - on a free evening, it is enough to exchange your laptop for a walk somewhere in a park area of Moscow and carefully look around.
Believe me - real life cooler than even the coolest documentaries from National Geographic.
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The Red Book is a book in which man has recorded and continues to record rare animals and their endangered species. This is done so that everyone knows about these animals and tries to protect them and not harm them. Hunting for animals listed in the Red Book is prohibited. There are a lot of animals in the Red Book, and we have prepared presentations for you about some of them.
Approximate plan for a presentation or report on animals listed in the Red Book: 1. Where they are found. 2. What it looks like. 3. What does he eat? 4. What kind of life does he lead? 5. What kind of cubs does he have? At the end, be sure to mention the importance of protecting this animal and why its population has decreased.
Animal from the Red Book "Manul"
Manul - small wild cat. In Russia, it can be found in Transbaikalia, the Altai mountains, Tyva, and the Chita region.
Pallas' cats are similar to domestic cats, they are the same size, but their legs and ears are short.
And the pupils of the Pallas's cat are NOT like those of cats, but like those of humans - round.
Pallas's cat has thick, long hair. The coat color is gray and reddish. The tips of the hairs are white.
Pallas's cat hunts at night from ambush. It feeds on small rodents, birds and insects. Sometimes he can catch a bunny. Pallas' cats run very slowly and cannot catch an adult hare.
During the day they hide under rocks in the mountains from enemies - wolves and birds of prey.
Manul lives about 12 years. Cubs are born once a year, up to 4 kittens.
Pallas cat is listed in the Red Book. Hunting for it is prohibited.
Questions about the presentation:
1. What kind of domestic animal does the wild manul look like?
2. Where do Pallas' cats live?
3. How does the Pallas's cat differ from domestic cats?
4. What does manul eat?
The presentation was prepared by 1st grade student Maxim Egorov.
Red book animal "Muskrat"
The muskrat is a water animal. Muskrats appeared 30 million years ago and have not changed much since the time of mammoths. This mammal is the size of a rat. Its fur is short and very thick, thanks to which the fur does not get wet in water.
The nose of a muskrat is like a proboscis. This animal has very small eyes and poor eyesight. The muskrat navigates in water and on land by touch using its proboscis and by hearing.
The tail is scaly and flattened, the feet are webbed, this helps to swim.
Muskrats build long burrows, the entrance to which is under water. Cubs appear in the burrow 2 times a year, 3-5 pieces each. When females leave a hole, they hide their babies under a blanket of plants, and if the hole becomes unusable, they drag them on their backs to another hole.
The muskrat is omnivorous and gluttonous. Eats mollusks, fry, plant roots, insect larvae. During the day she eats as much food as she weighs.
People exterminated muskrats to obtain musk from them, from which they made perfume, and put muskrat tails in a moth cabinet.
They hunt muskrats for their beautiful skin with a brown back and silver belly. It happens that a muskrat simply gets entangled in a fisherman’s net and cannot get out and dies.
There are very few regions of Russia left where muskrats now live in the wild. This is the Kurgan region, the regions of Ryazan and Kursk. The Russian muskrat is included in the Red Book as an endangered species.
Questions about the report on the muskrat
1. What helps the muskrat swim?
2. What does a muskrat eat?
3. Why do people hunt muskrats?
The presentation was prepared by 2nd grade student Maxim Egorov.
Red Book animal "Ussuri Tiger"
Due to human extermination and environmental deterioration, there are now fewer Amur tigers left in the wild than in zoos - a little more than 500 individuals in Russia and 40 in China.
The Amur tiger is included in the Red Book of Russia; hunting it is prohibited. In China, killing an Amur tiger carries the death penalty.
Brief description of the animal and presentation with pictures at the link:
There are a lot of animals in Russia that are on the verge complete disappearance. Today we will talk about animals that are listed in the Red Book.
“You can control nature only by obeying it”
Francis Bacon
“Isn’t it because there are fewer and fewer storks on Earth because there are more and more people?”
Yuri Skrylev
In addition to the world of large cities, in which every day in the morning we are late somewhere in the subway, car, trams, we know every corner of a limited, boring and urbanized space - there is another world. A natural world where the king of beasts is the lion, the leader of the birds is the eagle, and the queen of flowers is the rose. And they have their own laws; man, unscrupulously invading the territory of this world, causes irreparable harm to living beings.
Of course, many have heard about the Red Book. Animals included in it are strictly prohibited from being shot and destroyed, except in cases where, for example, polar bears threaten the lives of residents of populated areas.
Red Book
There are Red Books of international, national and regional (in Russia there are more than 30 regional Red Books) scale. The national one must be republished every 10 years, but the last reissue of our national Red Book was in 2001. “The Red Book of Russia is an annotated list of rare and endangered animals, plants and fungi. In total, 8 taxa of amphibians, 21 taxa of reptiles, 128 taxa of birds and 74 taxa of mammals are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, for a total of 231 taxa. The list of threatened species is established and issued under the Endangered Species Act of 1973." (Wikipedia). Despite the age of the reissue, information on the lists of species and their statuses is constantly updated.
0 - probably disappeared. Taxa and populations previously known from the territory (or water area) of the Russian Federation and whose occurrence in nature has not been confirmed (for invertebrates - in the last 100 years, for vertebrates - in the last 50 years).
1 - endangered. Taxa and populations whose numbers of individuals have decreased to a critical level such that they may become extinct in the near future.
2 - decreasing in numbers. Taxa and populations with steadily declining numbers, which, with further exposure to factors reducing numbers, may short time fall into the category of endangered.
3 - rare. Taxa and populations that are small in number and distributed over a limited area (or water area) or sporadically distributed over large areas (water area).
4 - uncertain status. Taxa and populations that probably belong to one of the previous categories, but there is currently no sufficient information about their state in nature, or they do not fully meet the criteria of all other categories.
5 - recoverable and recoverable. Taxa and populations, the number and distribution of which, under the influence of natural causes or as a result of conservation measures taken, have begun to recover and are approaching a state where they will not require urgent conservation and restoration measures.
(Wikipedia, “Red Book of the Russian Federation”)
In addition to the statuses on the number of natural specimens in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, there is a conservation status of animals determined by the Red Book of the World Conservation Union (World Conservation Union). Published in 2013, the update contains information on 71,576 species, of which 21,286 are threatened with extinction.
"The most famous list protection statuses with their ratings is the Red Book of the World Conservation Union (WUCN). It identifies categories of status, defined on the basis of both the general principles above and taking into account individual characteristics each type:
Disappeared (English Extinct, EX) - a species that disappeared after the death of the last animal of this species and individuals of which were not in captivity at the time of extinction. This does not include animals that became extinct for various reasons before 1500 (such as dinosaurs).
Disappeared in the wild (eng. Extinct in the Wild, EW) - a species completely exterminated in nature, but preserved in captivity.
In critical danger (eng. Critically Endangered, CR) - species, the number of individuals in nature does not exceed several hundred.
Are under threat (English: Endangered, EN) - a species whose number of individuals is quite large, but for certain reasons it cannot yet be said that it will not disappear within a few years.
Are in a vulnerable position (English Vulnerable, VU) is a numerous species, which, however, due to reasons (for example, deforestation) is still in danger.
Dependent on conservation efforts (English: Conservation Dependent, CD)
Close to vulnerable (eng. Near Threatened, NT) - a species that is almost resistant, but not yet safe.
Least endangered (eng. Least Concern, LC) is a species that is so numerous that it is doubtful that it will independently be in danger of extinction in decades. Since 2009, people have been included in this class.
Not enough data (eng. Data Deficient, DD) - species whose abundance is unclear.
Threat not assessed (English: Not Evaluated, NE) - species, information about which does not allow us to even approximately determine the threat to their existence" (Wikipedia)
According to information from the IUCN Red List, the amount different types by category is:
Total species considered 71,576
Total endangered species 21,286
Extinct - EX 799
Extinct in the Wild (EW) 61
Onedgesdisappearance(Critically Endangered - CR) 4,286
Endangered(Endangered - EN) 6,451
Vulnerable(Vulnerable - VU) 10,549
Near Threatened - NT 4,822
Low risk/conservation dependent - LR/CD 241
Minimum Risk (Least Concern - LC) 32,486
Data Deficient - DD 11,881
In Russia, according to this update of the Red Book, a total of 124 species are threatened with extinction, including 31 species of mammals, 9 species of reptiles, 36 species of fish, 8 species of mollusks, 12 species of plants and 28 other species of living creatures.
Critically endangered (CR) according to the IUCN Red Book 2013.2, there are currently 20 species in Russia.
Critically Endangered (CR) Species in Russia
Species name Scientific name Group
Coregonus trybomi Coregonus trybomi Fish
Abrau sprat Clupeonella abrau Fish
Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii Fish
Lymnaea arachleica Molluscs
Beluga Huso huso Fish
Orlov Viper Vipera orlovi Reptiles
European mink Mustela lutreola Mammals
European Angelfish Squatina squatina Pisces
Kaluga Huso dauricus Fish
Caspian zebra mussel Dreissena caspia Shellfish
Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus Fish
river eel Anguilla anguilla Fish
Russian Sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Fish
Saiga Saiga tatarica Mammals
Sakhalin sturgeon Acipenser mikadoi Fish
Sakhalin taimen Hucho perryi Fish
Stellate sturgeon Acipenser stellatus Fish
Monk seal Monachus monachus Mammals
Thorn Acipenser nudiventris Pisces
(Information about endangered animal species from the site nature-time.ru)
Depending on the current situation of animals of one or another status, methods are used to preserve them that help increase the population of the individual.
“In order to preserve and restore rare and endangered species, in 2004 the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia together with Russian Academy Sciences has developed a Strategy for the conservation of rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi.
Separate strategies have also been developed to preserve the most vulnerable species - the Amur tiger, Far Eastern leopard, snow leopard, and bison. A draft Conservation Strategy for the Sakhalin musk deer and a Restoration Program for the Central Asian (Caucasian) leopard have been developed.
A set of measures is being carried out to restore the white crane - the Siberian Crane, the Great Bustard, and some species of birds of prey.
Currently in Russia, 13.5 thousand objects are classified as protected areas, occupying 12% of the country’s territory (2.1 million sq. km). Protected natural areas of federal significance include: 101 nature reserves, 39 national parks, 69 wildlife sanctuaries, 26 natural monuments.
Flora of Russia contains more than 12,500 species of wild plants, more than 2,200 species of mosses, and about 3,000 species of lichens. In the soils and water bodies of Russia there are 7-9 thousand species of algae, the number of species of fungal organisms is about 20-25 thousand.
Fauna vertebrates consists of 1513 species: 320 species of mammals, 732 species of birds, 80 species of reptiles, 29 species of amphibians, 343 species freshwater fish. In addition, about 1,500 species of marine fish are found in the seas surrounding Russia.
Currently, 414 species and subspecies of animals and 676 plant species are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation "(from the website of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, information from the last ten years)
By latest information— animals listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation — more than 500 species.
There are few of us left...
That Amur tigers there are few left - many have heard. Russian President Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin visited the Ussuri Nature Reserve (which was widely covered in the press), where the Amur Tiger program is being implemented to preserve the species. This animal is rightfully considered priceless, royally majestic... According to information recent years in Russia in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories there are only about 450 tigers. The species is listed in the International Red Book.
About life next to Amur tigers with poachers in documentary film about animals:
Among the special projects to protect rare species animals, information about which is posted on the website programmes.putin.kremlin.ru, there are also (except for “ Amur tiger"): PROGRAM "BELUHA - WHITE WHALE", PROGRAM "IRBIS - SNOW LEOPARD", PROGRAM "FAR EASTERN LEOPARD", PROGRAM "POLAR BEAR".
All these animals are classified as endangered and the most valuable species and are included in the Russian and international Red Book. Reserves where a strategy for the conservation of rare species is being implemented - visits dignitaries state, the President of the Russian Federation himself. Besides the fact that they are very beautiful, rare animals- this is the pride of our country, Russia, perhaps, cannot be proud of anything more than nature and its immense wealth, such rare, unusually beautiful specimens. Therefore, every effort must be made to preserve nature, reserves, the national bank of flora and fauna in their exclusive set, unique only to our country.
And finally, let’s get to know each other better (for those who are not familiar) or remember again (for those in the know) with some of the most prominent representatives endangered species of animals in Russia. It’s difficult to tell about them all; there are more than 500 species listed only in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (not to mention the international one), but we’ll single out the most unique ones.
IRBIS (SNOW LEOPARD). A large predatory cat, almost a leopard, but with a grayish color, fluffy fur and a long tail. The average length of adult individuals is 120-125 cm, weight - 45 kg. Habitats on the territory of the Russian Federation: the upper and middle belt of the mountains of Central and Central Asia (Himalayas) and Southern Siberia(Altai, Sayan Mountains, Tuva Mountains). The size of the Russian population group of snow leopards, according to the latest official estimate by experts for 2002, was 150-200 individuals, but the current situation of these animals is deplorable: the population has decreased by three. That is, on the tops of the mountains you can only find about 50-70 snow leopards, and then they hide.
Pictured is a snow leopard
RED OR MOUNTAIN WOLF. Predator, mountain dog, body length up to 1 meter, weight 15-21 kg. A representative of the mammal family Cuon - canids. These wolves are the only individuals of this family that have survived to this day. It looks like an ordinary wolf and a fox, the color and fluffiness of the fur, the long tail are from a fox, and the appearance and habits are from a wolf. It is actively hunted by poachers and vain hunters who want to obtain stuffed animals and skins due to its beauty and rarity. It is an endangered species; the exact population could not be determined. The beast lives in Mongolia, in the Far East.
Pictured is a mountain wolf
WHITE-FACED DOLPHIN. A dolphin with a short head, weight about 250-300 kg, length - 3 meters. In Russian waters it is found in the Barents and Baltic Seas. It is not an endangered species, but a rare animal species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Pictured is a white-faced dolphin
FAR EASTERN LEOPARD. The species is on the verge of extinction and is listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and the International Red Book. All over the world (in China and Russia), there are no more than 40 Far Eastern leopards left: and 30 of them are in Russia (southwest of Primorsky Krai), protected in the Kedrovaya Pad nature reserve and the Leopardovy nature reserve. “The length of males reaches 136 cm, females – 112 cm, tails up to 90 cm and 73 cm, respectively, weight up to 53 kg or possibly up to 60 kg.” Life expectancy in reserves and in captivity is up to 20 years, in the wild 10-15 years.
Pictured is an Amur leopard
POLAR BEAR . Lives mainly in the area continental shelf on the periphery of the Northern Arctic Ocean. “The weight of a large individual can reach 800 kg, on average the weight of a male is 400-450 kg, a female is 350-380 kg. Body length: for males - 200-250 cm, for females - 160-250 cm. Height at withers - 130-150 cm. The species is characterized by white fur color.
According to a group of specialists in to the polar bear According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, approximately 20-25 thousand of these animals currently live in the Arctic region and their numbers continue to decline. On last summer At the 2009 meeting of the group in Copenhagen, it was concluded that the population was in critical condition"(from the website programmes.putin.kremlin.ru).
The fact is that each species has its own critical limits for population reduction; for polar bears, a number of several tens of thousands is already a trait that raises concerns for the conservation of the species.
In the photo there is a polar bear
GRAY WHALE. Gray whales live in the northern part Pacific Ocean from the Chukchi and Okhotsk seas to the coasts of Japan, Korea and Mexico.
The species is listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation as rare. The gray whale is a traveler to distant horizons; it swims 7-10 km per hour; in a year it can cover 16 thousand km. They live up to 67 years.
Weight of an adult: 15–35 tons, body length for females 12–15 m, for males 11–14.6 m. The main danger for gray whales is predatory killer whales, for which the former are tasty prey.
The photo shows a gray whale
SIVUCH. Northern sea lion, a huge eared seal. Lives on the Kuril and Commander Islands, Kamchatka and Alaska. The body length of an adult male sea lion is about three meters, and its weight is about a ton. Life expectancy is 25-30 years. Listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation as an endangered species.
In the photo there is a sea lion
ASIAN CHEETAH. The species is endangered: there are only two dozen animals in different zoos in the world. In the past, being in the wild, it was found in the territory from the Arabian Sea to the valley of the Syrdarya River. There are no more than a dozen individuals left in nature.
Pictured is an Asiatic cheetah
MANUL. Big fluffy, long-haired wild cat. Weight no more than 5 kg, body length no more than 60 cm. Lives in Tyva, the Altai Republic and Transbaikalia, Chita region. Listed in the Red Book as a rare species.
In the photo there is a manul
ATLANTIC WALRUS. Pinniped mammal. Males weigh from 1000 to 2000 kg, females from 400 to 550 kg, body length 2-3.5 m. Lives in the Barantsev and Kara Seas. It was practically destroyed by poachers in the middle of the 20th century; now, thanks to the efforts of specialists, the population is slowly recovering.
The photo shows an Atlantic walrus
WHITE CRANE (Siberian Crane). The Siberian Crane is an exclusively Russian bird; it builds nests only on the territory of the Russian Federation. The size of the Yakut population is estimated at 2900-3000 individuals, but there are only about 20 individuals left of the West Siberian Siberian Cranes.
In the photo there is a white crane
FAR EASTERN STORK (black-billed stork). The Russian population today numbers about 3,000 individuals. Storks make nests in the Far East (Primorye, Ariamurye), winter in the south and southeast of China, in ponds and rice fields. In the Red Book of the Russian Federation, the bird is classified as an endangered species.
Pictured is a Far Eastern stork
AMUR GORAL (eastern goral). A species of mountain goat, living in Primorye, is united in groups of 6-8 individuals. In Russia, on the territory Far East, there are only about 600-750 gorals left (most of them are in nature reserves and sanctuaries).
In the photo there is an Amur goral
BELUHA (WHITE WHALE). The animal is not listed in the Red Book, the population is not in danger of extinction today, licenses are issued annually to shoot one and a half thousand individuals, but nevertheless, Belukha is the pride of the country, or more precisely, of Russian waters.
Marine mammal, representative of the narwhal family, suborder of toothed whales, order Cetaceans.
“This species of marine mammal is distributed very widely - circumpolarly - the beluga whale is found in all coastal waters of the seas of the Arctic basin, as well as the White, Bering and Okhotsk seas. White whale is not a rare species. In terms of its position in the food chain and level of development, the beluga whale can be compared to a person - it, just like a person, is the top of the trophic pyramid. With the exception of a few areas where the killer whale lives, the beluga whale has no natural enemies and competitors" (from the website programmes.putin.kremlin.ru)
In the photo there is a beluga whale
Nature is a treasure trove. Both life and wealth, not expressed in monetary terms.
The reasons for the extinction of rare animal species are pragmatic: people and harmful effects on the environment are to blame.
The status “there are only a few of us left” is always a signal that the species may become extinct. And when nature disappears, it is a big loss for the world as a whole, because man with his technological progress will outweigh, and not in good side. Save nature.
Pictured is Brown Bear
Pictured is the Amur tiger
Pictured is a Snow Leopard
