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Hello winter phenomenon in inanimate nature. Abstract of the GCD “Winter phenomena in inanimate nature”

Developing a game concept, teaching children to answer questions; activation of affectionate nouns; consolidation of knowledge about winter phenomena; call positive emotions; development of creative fantasy and imagination; fostering respect for nature.

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Winter phenomena V inanimate nature. Prepared by teachers from MBDOU " Kindergarten general developmental type No. 118 » Voronezh: Mizenko I. N. Yavorskaya S. A For the senior preschool age. Material: 1.L.G. Gorkova, A.V. Kochegarina, L.A. Obukhova “Scenarios for classes in environmental education preschoolers"/middle, senior, preparatory group/ M.: VAKO, 2005.-240 p./ Preschoolers: we teach, develop, educate. 2. Yandex.Images 3. Wikipedia

Take a close look at the snowman, what is he like? sad or happy? -Describe the sad snowman. -Why is he so sad?

Snowman's story: A crow flew in, sat right on his shoulder, pecked him and said that he was not tasty. -Why did the crow say that? -What is the snowman made of? -What is snow? -What types of snowflakes are there? -So our snowman is beautiful? But the snowman is again not happy, since the crow did not like the taste of it. Snow - shape atmospheric precipitation consisting of small ice crystals

Look at the snow, examine it. -What is he like? -Why is snow sticky?

At what temperature can snow be sticky? - What is snow like at subzero temperatures? -What will happen with snow if you bring it indoors?

Physical education lesson We are snowflakes, we are fluffs, we dance day and night. We are snowflakes - ballerinas, we don’t mind twirling. Let's all stand together now, it turns out to be a snowball. A breeze blew and all the snow flew away.

Can you eat snow? -What kind of water will you get if you melt snow? -What color is the water? -If it has a smell, taste? -Why did the crow call the snowman not tasty?

Compare the snowmen, how funny and how sad. Why did you decide so?

Winter phenomena in inanimate nature: Blizzard - snow transport by wind in the ground layer of air Snowfall - snow falling from clouds Blizzard - wind transport of snow above the ground (=blizzard)

Winter phenomena in inanimate nature: Ice - a layer of dense glassy ice Buran-steppe blizzard Thaw - temporary Frost - a thin layer of melting snow in winter, ice crystals in early spring formed from atmospheric water vapor

Objects and phenomena of living and inanimate nature in autumn, winter, spring and summer: description.

Autumn is the golden time of the year, which comes immediately after the hot and sunny summer. Little kids notice dramatic changes, both in the weather and in attitude towards yourself. With the onset of autumn, the scorching rays of the sun replace rainy days, the trees begin to shed their leaves, and the grass turns yellow. Thus, nature is preparing for the onset of cold weather and winter.

Autumn signs of autumn in living and inanimate nature: list

For many schoolchildren, autumn is associated with the beginning of a new school year; at this time, children meet with their friends and classmates, and dress in school uniform go to gain new knowledge.

There are the following signs of the onset of autumn:

Surely the kids noticed when autumn came, the sun had disappeared somewhere, and the sky was covered with clouds. Even in sunny weather, it is no longer so warm outside (you can tell by the way people start dressing). Light T-shirts and dresses are replaced by jackets and jeans, and with the onset of October-December, many people wear coats and jackets.
Despite the fact that summer is hot, there are, of course, windy weather. But it’s more pleasing, because when a warm breeze blows, it’s refreshing. But strong gusts of wind in autumn are not so pleasant, because the cold wind blows with such force that it tears leaves from the trees.
Autumn is characterized by frequent fogs, and mothers begin to monitor weather changes, because in autumn the weather often changes, and dressing correctly is very important at such a time, because... It's very easy to get sick. By the way, with climate change, many children begin to get sick colds, something you rarely see in the summer.
The coming autumn can be seen in the plants, for example, how grapes or currants turn red, chestnuts and many other trees and shrubs turn yellow. In September it is already possible to collect fallen maple leaves. They are often used to make appliques or various bouquets. But according to coniferous trees It is impossible to determine the onset of the autumn period, because such trees are green both in summer and winter.

You can determine weather changes by watching animals. For example, most birds hide from the cold by flying to warmer regions. Of course, there are those who are not afraid of the cold - these are pigeons, crows and sparrows. But heat-loving birds, sensing the onset of rainy autumn, immediately fly far to the south with their chicks.
There are animals that hibernate, such as bears, raccoons, badgers, hedgehogs and many others, especially those that live in minks. The hare, fox and squirrels change their color, making it easier for them to camouflage themselves from predators. As you know, squirrels are very thrifty - so they prepare a lot of nuts and acorns for the winter, which they will feed on throughout the cold weather. And they collect food in the fall, when nuts and acorns are ripe. This can also be observed.
Pesky flies, mosquitoes and many insects also hide with the onset of the slightest cold weather.
Why has the day become shorter? This also characterizes autumn. If the sun sets earlier than usual, then you can expect the onset of cold days. This is a sign of autumn in inanimate nature.
Getting closer to winter, you can see frost in the mornings. These are small particles of dew that have frozen on the leaves and surfaces in an uneven, prickly layer.
There is even ice in the fall; this often happens at the end of November, when the air temperature reaches sub-zero values. By this time people are already wearing hats, gloves and scarves. The weather promises that winter is just around the corner.

Autumn is very bright and beautiful time year, the roads are covered with a golden “blanket”, you can watch beautiful landscapes and watch birds fly away to warmer climes. Even though the weather is rainy in autumn, it gives us the opportunity to observe the beauty of nature.

Objects and phenomena of living and inanimate nature in autumn: description of observations

On the territory of our country one can often observe changes in the weather and nature, which “adjusts” to the coming changes. Many of the phenomena that we observe are associated specifically with the seasons and are therefore called seasonal. One of the most beautiful times of the year is autumn.

During this period, nature is painted with golden colors, all animals and plants are preparing for the cold winter and you can observe the most amazing changes and phenomena. Autumn is characterized by the following main changes:

Fogs. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that the earth heats up during the day, and at night the temperature is already below zero, so fog, dew and even frost are observed with sunrise
Shower. Autumn is associated with rainy weather, and it is during this period that heavy rains- in other words, rain
Wind. It is in the fall that when you go outside you can encounter strong gusts of wind, which are often accompanied by rain or even hail.
It gets dark earlier
Cloudy weather
You can see thin ice on ponds and puddles, but standing on it, much less playing on it, is very dangerous; it’s better to wait until winter
The onset of winter can also be characterized by “Indian” summer. During this period, a heavy milky fog falls to the ground, filling the air with dampness.
At the end of autumn, rainy weather is diluted by light snowfall, after which there is often ice

This is a characteristic of inanimate nature that can be observed in the fall, but changes in living nature include:

Animals such as fox, squirrel and hare change their color
Many animals hibernate in late autumn
Birds fly to warmer climes
Insects also hide from the cold weather; you will no longer see butterflies and ladybugs, the whistle of grasshoppers cannot be heard, bees do not buzz and do not pollinate plants, mosquitoes and flies are also becoming less common
Leaf fall. This is the first sign of what's coming Golden autumn. The castings turn yellow and strong impulse winds, trees and bushes are freed from them. All roads are covered with a beautiful golden carpet

Autumn is a wonderful time of year that prepares nature and people for the cold frosty winter. This time gives us a break from the hot and stuffy summer days. But the first ones who begin to respond to climate changes are plants. Berries and vegetables are fully ripening, and the trees are dressed in golden foliage.

Winter signs of winter in living and inanimate nature: list

In anticipation of the New Year, many children know that the luxurious time of year has arrived - winter. Gifts, holidays and Father Frost and the Snow Maiden are not all indicators that winter has come. Of course, it comes a month earlier - December 1st. This is a fabulous time when you can play in the snow and sculpt a Snow Woman, we see stunning drawings on the windows, and there is beautiful snowy weather outside.

In anticipation of the onset of winter, we are all waiting for a fairy tale, wish fulfillment and magic. This is how we associate cold winter. But these are not all the indicators by which one can determine the onset of such a wonderful period:

Firstly, everyone dresses warmly enough. As outerwear A down jacket or fur coat is used, people wear warm gloves and hats, and in very “severe” weather - huge scarves and thermal underwear. It is very important to dress as warmly as possible in such cold weather, because you can easily catch a cold and miss the entire winter holidays
Snowfall is also a main characteristic winter period time
The winter sky is quite heavy and seems to hang right above your head. There is moisture and frosty freshness in the air
Ice. Walking or driving in winter is very dangerous; for convenience, many people wear snowshoes, and their cars are “changed” to winter tires. After all, it’s very easy to slip, and worse, to injure your leg or arm.

If a strong wind blows and snow falls, it becomes a blizzard. It’s very exciting to watch such weather from the window, but if you get caught in a strong wind with snow, it’s quite unpleasant
As children, we all really loved icicles. And this is another sign of winter. In other words, an icicle is a cone-shaped piece of ice that can most often be found on roofs or trees.
Animals, birds and insects, unfortunately, can be found very rarely, because birds fly away to warmer climes, animals hibernate, and insects hide from the severe frosts that are typical for winter
Days are much shorter than nights

Despite the cold temperatures and snowstorms, winter is a wonderful time; many games can only be played thanks to the snow that only falls in winter. Skiing, sledding, snowboarding, playing snowballs or sculpting various figures made from snow - these are very exciting and educational activities that are only possible in winter. Therefore, the winter holidays should not be spent sitting in front of a computer monitor, but rather have a great time free time with friends or with family.

Objects and phenomena of living and inanimate nature in winter: description of observations

Nature is everything that surrounds us and is created by human hands. Conditionally, nature can be divided into living and nonliving. The first group includes plants, animals, fungi, humans, and microbes. But to inanimate nature: the sun, air, stars, soil, precipitation, etc.

In winter, summer, autumn and spring, all phenomena change smoothly, and this is how we can determine the seasons of the year. Winter is the coldest time of the year, but this is also the most beautiful time. Season opens in winter fun games snowball fights, children ride on slides and sleds, make a snow woman, and most importantly, everyone is looking forward to a fabulous New Year. This time can be determined by the following signs:

Snow is more often observed in the form of precipitation. Snowflakes fall to the ground either independently or in flakes. And also only in winter you can see snowfall - this profuse hair loss snow
Blizzard and blizzard
Ice. Of course, all kids love to skate, but this activity is quite dangerous, so you can only play on the ice if accompanied by adults
Icicles can be found on the roofs of houses and tree branches. Therefore, you need to be careful, and it is better not to walk under houses, because if the temperature gets higher, the icicle can easily melt and fall
Santa Claus decorates the windows with beautiful patterns
All rivers and lakes are covered with a thick layer of ice, which is called freeze-up

The following changes can be found in living nature:

Many animals change their color, such as the hare, squirrel and fox
Bears and hedgehogs hibernate
Bullfinches and tits arrive and replace the bulk of the birds
People dress in warm clothes

When the snow begins to melt and the patterns on the windows disappear, the sun begins to warm up, and the days become longer - then winter begins to gradually transition into another season - spring. What other signs of the spring season there are are described in the next paragraph.

Spring signs of spring in living and inanimate nature: list

Spring is associated with new life, because during this period the earth wakes up from hibernation, nature begins to bloom, the first still very green petals and bunches appear. This is the most wonderful time, the sun is brighter and the sky is clear, and there is freshness in the air.

You can understand exactly when spring begins very easily, there is a large number of phenomena and processes that characterize such a season, for example:

The first green flowers appear
Animals wake up from hibernation
Bunnies, squirrels and foxes again change the color of their coats, so they camouflage themselves with their environment. Many animals begin to shed
Buds appear, and from them - flowers
You can hear the singing of birds returning from warmer climes
Spring is the time for the birth of a new generation in animals
Birds begin to build nests

From inanimate nature:

The first is the melting of snow
Streams begin to gurgle
In winter there are practically no thunderstorms, but in spring you can encounter such a phenomenon
Ice drift - this phenomenon occurs because the ice begins to melt and smoothly moves along the rivers

If you watch what people do, you can also see changes. Spring is considered the time of cleaning, because after winter it is worth cleaning your home. Also, preparations are underway to plant a vegetable garden, especially if a person lives in a rural area.

Objects and phenomena of living and inanimate nature in spring: description of observations

After cold winter, everyone is looking forward to warmer days. Literally from the very first days of spring, the sun's rays begin to warm up, and at the same time flowers appear, the grass turns green, the trees bloom, and the birds begin to sing. In other words, the Earth comes to life again and wakes up.

The first sign is the snow is melting. The icicles melt and gradually disappear beautiful patterns from the windows.
The day is getting longer.
If in winter there are often leaden clouds, and the sky is gray and dull, then in spring the sky becomes lighter, the clouds disperse and the sky becomes clean and clear.
Plants also react to the arrival of spring and demonstrate this by the appearance of green leaves, buds, spruce and alder blooming young cones. Flowers gradually bloom, bees and other insects appear.

Spring is also associated with the fluffy “seals” of the willow tree; they are carried to church on Palm Sunday. Also, one of the most important holidays Spring is March 8th. This is International Women's Day, and flowers such as tulips are considered a symbol.
The birds are flying home again, and this can be heard from the beautiful singing. Swallows begin to build nests and have offspring.
Animals change their warm clothes to lighter ones. At the same time, the color of the coat itself.
People also change their wardrobe, fur coats, warm hats and the boots are hidden until next winter.

Vienna also has more exciting activities, for example, closer to May holidays, many go fishing, pick mushrooms, start grilling kebabs and relax a lot in nature, enjoying the beautiful nature.

Summer signs of summer in living and inanimate nature: list

Of course, all children know when summer begins, because... after a difficult school year, the long-awaited summer holidays. That's why summer is the best favorite time per year. Many go to visit their grandmothers or to a resort with their parents. The sea, the beach and a lot of fun await every child. But this is not the only indicator that summer has come; there are also such changes in living and inanimate nature, for example:

Weather. The wind is dry, the temperature is high, so even the nights in summer are quite warm. But if the day is very hot and the sky is clear as a tear, at one moment it can start raining with a thunderstorm, after which you can often see a rainbow
In the morning you can find dew on the leaves and grass
Winds can be strong with variable gusts and frequent changes of direction

The hot days of summer are diluted by rainy weather, and summer rain is divided into several types:

Ordinary
Short term. It is also called blind or mushroom, accompanied by sunny weather
Shower. It starts suddenly. For very a short time A large amount of water falls out. Accompanied by wind and thunder
City-shaped. Along with the water droplets, hail particles also fall out. They flow powerfully and quickly, which consequently negatively affects agriculture

The grass is bright green
In summer, berries and fruits ripen, flowers bloom
Already at the beginning of summer you can collect mushrooms after the rain

In summer, people dress quite lightly, wear Sunglasses and hats that protect from hot weather sun rays. IN agriculture Summer is a very important period; agronomists and landowners are cultivating the soil, looking after their gardens, picking berries and preserving them for the winter.

Objects and phenomena of living and inanimate nature in summer: description of observations

Using the textbook “The World around us”, children starting from the second grade can become familiar with various anomalies and changes environment. All these changes change smoothly along with the seasons of the year, which is why they are often called seasonal.

The main objects and phenomena that can be encountered in the summer are:

Hot weather
Strong gusts of warm wind
Rains, after which you can collect mushrooms
Thunder is a sound phenomenon that is often accompanied by lightning
After the rain a rainbow appears
In the morning you can observe such a phenomenon as dew.
The plants are dressed in green petals, there is a scent of flowers, and the fruits are ripening
You can hear birds singing, bees buzzing and crickets ringing
Day longer than the night, and you can watch the beautiful stars through the transparent and clear sky.

Each season of the year is unique and beautiful in its own way:

In autumn, all nature, plants, animals and people prepare for the cold. Trees turn yellow and shed their leaves, animals make provisions for the winter, change color, and some are preparing for hibernation. Birds fly to warmer climes, and insects hide. People take out warm clothes and umbrellas, collect ripe fruits and wait for frost.
Winter is the time for snow-white fairy tales and fun games in the snow. The entire surface of the earth is covered with a thick layer of snow and ice. With the beginning of winter, children and adults are looking forward to the New Year holidays.
In spring the earth wakes up from winter sleep, everything around is blooming, and a fresh aroma is floating in the air. Birds return, animals also change their coats and crawl out of their burrows and continue their offspring. You can already find insects, birds and midges. And people are slowly planting vegetable gardens and orchards and preparing for the hot summer.
Summer is my favorite time of year, because... The long-awaited vacation begins. Finally, you can enjoy warm days, soak up the sun and swim in the sea. Already at the beginning of summer you can savor delicious berries and fruits. In the summer you can pick mushrooms, go to the forest to pick flowers and relax in the fresh air.

Video: Living and inanimate nature - objects and phenomena, educational for children

On a visit to winter. Inanimate nature in winter.

To give an idea of winter natural phenomena, relying on the direct life experience of students: snow cover on the ground, ice on reservoirs, snowfall, blizzards, frost, thaws, ice; teach you to see beauty winter nature.

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Topic: Visiting winter. Inanimate nature in winter.

Lesson objectives:

Predicted results:

During the classes:

I. Motivation for learning activities

Guys, today we are going to visit one of the seasons of the year.

Listen to an excerpt from a poem by Samuil Marshak and say what time of year it talks about.

Snow on the roof, on the porch.

The sun is in the blue sky.

The stoves are heated in our house.

Smoke rises into the sky in a column.

The poem talks about winter.

Today we will go on a visit to winter and find out what changes occur in inanimate nature in winter.

II. Updating knowledge

Repetition of covered material

Let's first repeat what we call living nature, and something inanimate nature.

electronic media

Game “Match the Match” (on electronic media for the educational and methodological set “The World Around us” by A.A. Pleshakov for 2nd grade)

III.Work on the topic of the lesson

Slide 1 “Winter”

Look at the picture. What time of year is shown in the picture?

Autumn.

In the second picture?

Winter.

How has nature changed with the onset of winter?

Everything around became white, rivers and lakes were covered with ice, the soil was frozen.

The days have become shorter and the nights have become longer.

Why did everything in nature become white?

Snow.

What kind of snow?

The snow is white and fluffy.

Guys, snow is a winter natural phenomenon.

(a snow sign is posted on the board)

Let's listen to I. Surikov's poem "Winter"

Choygan:

White snow, fluffy, swirling in the air

And he quietly falls to the ground and lies down.

And in the morning the field turned white with snow,

It was as if everything had covered him with a shroud.

How is it snowing? What is he doing in the air?

Snow is swirling and falling from the sky to the ground.

This natural phenomenon is called snowfall.(Snowfall sign is attached to the board)

Let's see amazing phenomenon nature - snowfall.

electronic media

Children watch the snowfall using an electronic medium for the educational and methodological set “The World Around us” by A.A. Pleshakov for 2nd grade)

When there is a strong wind, the snow swirls and rushes through the air and on the ground. Snowdrifts appear near houses, near fences, near trees.

Slide 2 “Blizzard”

This natural phenomenon is called a blizzard.

(a sign with the word blizzard is hung on the board)

Now guess the riddle and find out what snow is made of.

What kind of stars are through?
On the coat and on the scarf,
All through - cut-out,
And if you take it, there is water in your hand.(Snowflake.)

That's right, these are snowflakes. Snow is made up of small snowflakes.

Snowflakes are frozen water vapor that forms in the air and falls to the ground.

(a sentence is posted on the board: “Snowflakes are frozen water vapor that forms in the air and falls to the ground.”

Slide 3 “crystallization of water”

Look at different images of snowflakes.

Slides 4,5,6,7 “Snowflakes”

(The teacher shows slides and pictures with images of snowflakes and hangs them on the board.)

Snowflakes are different and very beautiful. Some even have their own names.

They may have the following names:

Star

Stud

Hedgehog

Plate

Needle

Column

Guess the names of the snowflakes. (Annex 1)

(Children match cards with the names of snowflakes with pictures of snowflakes)

Work in a notebook. P. 51.

Guys. Open your notebooks to p. 51 and indicate with arrows what the snowflakes are called.

Fizminutka

To the music of Tchaikovsky “Waltz of the Snowflakes”

- Depict my text with action.
You are snowflakes. The wind swirls around you, it throws you up, then lowers you to the ground again. During the day you shine from the sun, and at night, when a snowstorm swirls, you want to dance a snow waltz.
- Thank you, have a seat.

Continuation of work on the topic of the lesson

What is the weather like in winter?

Frosty.

In frosty weather, the snow is loose and dry. But sometimes it gets warm and the snow melts. Puddles appear. And this natural phenomenon is called a thaw.

(A card with the word thaw is posted on the board)

Slide 8 “thaw”

- Look at the screen. In winter, when there is a thaw, the snow melts and icicles appear.

Now listen to the poem and you will find out what happens to melted water during a thaw. (student reads a poem by N. Nekrasov)

The snowball is fluttering, spinning,

It's white outside.

And puddles turned

In cold glass.

What did the puddles turn into? (into glass, i.e. into ice)

Guys, look at the screen. The water and melted snow that appeared during the thaw then freeze and become like glass. This is how black ice appears on the streets.

(The teacher hangs a card with the word ice on the board)

Slide 9 “icy conditions”

At this time, pedestrians and car drivers need to be especially careful.

What appears on the windows in winter, what have you noticed?

Various patterns appear.

Look at the screen. These are the beautiful patterns that appear on the windows.

Slides 10,11,12,13 “Frost, frost”

This natural phenomenon is called frost. Patterns appear from frost (khyraa) not only on windows, but also on trees.

(The teacher hangs a card with the word frost, hoarfrost on the board)

There is always clear water vapor in the air. Warm air vapor settles on cold glass and turns into ice crystals, just like snowflakes in the sky. This is how ice patterns appear on the windows.

When there is frost, everything around becomes amazingly beautiful.

It becomes especially beautiful in the park, in the forest.

Listen to M. Lesna-Raunio II's poem about this natural phenomenon.

Who draws so skillfully

What a miracle dreamers are,

ice drawing sad:

Rivers, groves and lakes?

Who applied the complex ornament

On the window of any apartment?

It's all one artist.

These are all his paintings.

What is the artist's name?

Freezing.

Creative work

Imagine that you are frost. There are sheets of paper on the desks, take a blue pencil and draw your patterns on the glass.

An exhibition of works is being organized.

Working with the textbook. P.130-131 (children read the text)

I V. Reflection of educational activities.

(Based on what they worked on in class and the text of the textbook, children answer questions, solve riddles, solve a crossword puzzle)

1.Questions

What changes in inanimate nature occur with the arrival of winter? What precipitation occurs in winter? What's happening to the earth?

What's happening to the reservoirs?

What natural phenomena occur in inanimate nature in winter?

2. Riddles

Remembering what we talked about in class, you can guess the riddles:

The tablecloth was white and covered the whole world.

(Snow.)

What kind of stars are there on the coat and on the scarf?
Everything is through, cut out, and if you take it, there is water in your hand?

(Snowflakes.)

It neither burns in fire nor sinks in water.

(Ice.)"

Crossword

What is snow made of? (snowflakes)
What draws ice patterns on the river? (frost)
What is the name of warm days in winter? (thaw)
The first month of winter. (January)

Homework

Observe changes in inanimate nature

MBOU " Average comprehensive school No. 2 Kyzyl»

Development of a lesson on the surrounding world for 2nd grade

according to A.A. Pleshakov’s program “The World around us”

Lesson topic: “On a visit to winter. Winter phenomena in inanimate nature"

The lesson was written by the teacher primary classes MBOU Secondary School No. 2, Kyzyla Mongush Sayana Alekseevna

Kyzyl 2011

Lesson summary on the world around us for grade 2

Lesson objectives:

Predicted results:

Children will learn about winter changes in living and inanimate nature, and will learn to talk about their observations in nature. native land. generalize and systematize children’s observations of winter natural phenomena; observe the shape of snowflakes (preparation for learning information about the crystallization of freezing water).

Educational materials:illustrations with views of winter nature; "Winter" posters; electronic media for the educational and methodological set “The World Around us” by A.A. Pleshakov for grade 2, slides for demonstration using the PowerPoint program; images of snowflakes and cards with their names; on every student's desk Blank sheet A-4 and blue pencil.

Lesson structure:

There are four stages in the lesson:

Motivation for learning activities

II. Updating knowledge

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Lesson type. Combined.

Purpose of the lesson: to form students’ ideas about the impact of winter changes on wildlife.

Lesson objectives:

– systematize and enrich children’s knowledge about the connections between objects of living and inanimate nature;
– expand students’ knowledge about living nature, its representatives, and the characteristics of their life activities;
– develop attention, memory, skills to compare, classify, generalize, through working with a diagram;
– develop communicative competencies through group work;
- bring up careful attitude to nature.

During the lesson, students:

Update:

– ideas about characteristic changes in inanimate nature during the winter season;
– knowledge and ideas about living and inanimate nature;
– ideas about objects of living nature: plants, animals, humans;
– the ability to classify objects of flora and fauna;
– ideas about the wintering of birds, animals, insects, fish.

Buy:

– knowledge that broadens one’s horizons in the field of wildlife in the winter season, the peculiarities of adaptations of different groups of animals and plants in winter;
– the ability to establish cause-and-effect relationships in inanimate and living nature;
– ideas about representatives of wildlife in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (your locality).

Fasten:

– skills of working in a group, pair, frontally and individually;
– ability to work with various sources of information (textual, auditory, visual);
– the ability to summarize information, highlight the main thing, draw conclusions, observe, logically express one’s thoughts, give examples, argue one’s point of view and express attitudes towards the opinions of others, establish relationships, cooperate;
– qualities of character, such as respect for the opinions and points of view of classmates, compassion for wintering animals, concern for native nature.

Required equipment and materials:

Equipment:

– Computers – 11 pcs. (1 for teacher, 10 for students).
– Multimedia projector, screen.

Materials:

- Presentation " Live nature in winter” (Presentation 1).
– Electronic test “Objects of living and inanimate nature” (Presentation 2).
– Illustrations depicting footprints.
– Cards with tasks for groups.
– Check cards-schemes “Connections of living and non-living nature”.
– Electronic game “Settle the Tenants” (Presentation 3).
– Painting “Wildlife in winter.”
- The world. 2nd grade. Textbook for general education institutions. Part 1./ A.A. Pleshakov.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment

II. Communicating the topic and purpose of the lesson

- Guys, listen to the poem and tell me what time of year it says:

The gray birch tree bent down,
The snow crumbled like a white carpet.
Blue snowflakes fly
And they form a fluffy ball.
Everything fell asleep: and the dark hummocks
And the river and the trees in the forests.
And the big frosty sun
Lost in thick clouds. (Nina Lyamaeva)

- That's right, about winter. Name the winter months. (December January February)

– What words from the poem help us imagine winter?

– Winter is the most hard times years in the life of living beings. Why?

– You will learn more about the impact of winter changes on wildlife in the lesson. ( Presentation 1) (Slide 1)

III. Checking homework. Updating students' knowledge

– Let’s remember once again which nature we call living and which nonliving? (Living nature: plants, animals, humans; non-living nature - sun, air, water, soil).

– Guys, you will need to solve the test by choosing an object of animate or inanimate nature. (Test – Presentation 2)

- Well done guys, you completed the task.

IV. Learning new material

1. Conversation with students “Changes in plant life in winter”:

– Guys, what changes occur in inanimate nature in winter? (The air temperature drops, precipitation falls in the form of snow, water and soil freeze, the sun heats up little, the days get shorter, the nights get longer). (Textbook, pp. 134 -135)

– What groups are all plants divided into? How do winter changes in inanimate nature affect plant life?

– What types of trees are there? Do all trees shed their leaves for the winter? (Slide 2-4)

– What deciduous tree does not grow in our area? (Oak)

– Do they die? deciduous trees in winter?

– How to identify a tree in winter?

(Deciduous trees shed their leaves in the fall, coniferous trees remain green; the trees do not die, buds remain on them, some have dry leaves and fruits: oak, rowan, maple, acacia).

– Identify the trees. (Slide 5)

– How do shrubs and grasses winter?

(Shrubs, like trees, shed their leaves; herbs fade, but not all of them; there are herbaceous plants: strawberries, hoofed grass, which go green under the snow).

– Why do you think they don’t freeze?

(Snow protects from frost; the more snow, the easier it is for plants to withstand winter frosts; scientists measured the air temperature above and below the snow and found that under the snow the temperature is 17-20 ° C higher).

– Winter is a period of rest in the life of plants. In winter you won’t see living leaves, flowers, or budding buds. But even in winter you can see a lot of interesting things in the plant world. For many, many millennia, plants have experienced the effects of winter and cold. And the plants became so “accustomed” to winter that it became necessary for their development. In winter, the buds “ripen”.

– Is it possible to observe growth in our plants in winter? (It turns out that it is possible; at the end of winter, young shoots of some herbs begin to grow under the snow cover; growth under snow is characteristic of plants that bloom in early spring). (Slide 6)

– Which group of living beings, besides plants, also belongs to living nature?

(Animals: animals, birds, fish, insects)

A physical moment for the eyes (On the walls of the classroom there are pictures depicting tracks of a moose, a hare, a squirrel, a wolf; when an image of an animal appears on the screen, children should look in the direction where its tracks are drawn and follow their outline with their eye movements). (Slide 8)

- Guys, traces of what group of animals were you looking for?

– now we will listen to 3 messages about the life of wild animals in winter.

2. Students’ story about how wild animals spend the winter

Before lying down in the den, the bear confuses its tracks, like a hare, meanders through the wind and water, jumps sideways from the track, and passes through one place several times.

A den is a hole dug somewhere under the roots of a tree, lined with grass and dry fern even before the first snow. The bear lies down with his head to the hole, covers his muzzle with his paw and sleeps. At this time, he does not eat food, but lives off accumulated fat.

They say that in winter bears suck their paws in their dens. In fact, the old rough skin comes off the bear’s feet, and the young, tender skin needs to be warmed. That's why the bear licks the soles with a hot tongue, smacking his lips at the same time. So, it seems that he is sucking his paw.

If a bear is awakened, it leaves the den hungry and at this time can be very dangerous. It is called a bear - connecting rod. (Slide 9)

The fox hunts at dusk or at night for birds, hares, and hedgehogs. It sneaks up on prey unnoticed, suddenly rushes at it and grabs it with sharp teeth. Like a cat, he loves to play with his prey. In winter you can see a fox sniffing the snow. In fact, she tracks mice by smell under the snow, quickly digs the snow with her front paws and grabs the prey. By destroying mice, the fox brings benefits. During severe snowstorms and bad weather, she seeks shelter, curls up in a ball and covers herself with her tail.

By winter, the squirrel insulates its nest, which serves as reliable protection during severe frosts and bad weather. The squirrel builds its nest in the forks of branches or in the hollows of trees. In frosts, when it is very cold, squirrels do not run through the forest, they hide in nests. A ball of branches high on the fir trees. It has one or two exits, and the inside walls are lined with moss.

By winter, the squirrel makes food supplies. It’s funny to watch how a squirrel looks for nuts: it hits the branches of a hazel tree with its paw and sees which one swings the most. So there are nuts on this branch. He selects the best fruits for food and reserves.

The squirrel dries mushrooms itself in summer and autumn. If you bite into a fungus, is it tasty? Then prick it on a twig and let it dry until winter. It happens that hundreds and even thousands of fungi dry out over the summer.

- Guys, what animals did they tell you about?

– What is the difference between their preparations for winter and wintering itself?

– What other animals go to sleep for the winter? (Hedgehog, badger).

– Who looks for food in nature? (Hare, wolf, elk).

– Who stocks up in the fall? (Mouse, hamster, beaver).

– How can we help forest animals?

For the hares, brooms with young leaves are stocked in the summer. Hares will not refuse dried branches of rowan, raspberry, and poplar. Young aspen trees are cut down for elk; elk also love rowan and pine branches. Root vegetables are left for the wild boars: beets, rutabaga, turnips, acorns. Beavers are also fed in winter. After all, if there is a lack of supplies, beavers must get out onto the ice through holes. Beavers feed on aspen, bird cherry, oak, and poplar.

Physical moment

The gray bunny is sitting
And he wiggles his ears.
It's cold for the bunny to sit
We need to warm our paws.
It's cold for the bunny to stand
The bunny needs to jump.
Someone scared the bunny
The bunny jumped and ran away. (Slide 13)

3. Conversation with students about wintering of fish and insects

– What difficulties do fish experience in winter?

Frost covered ponds, rivers, and lakes with a thick ice crust. In deep silence, fish sleep on the river bottom. In the most deep places The catfish lies in the hole. Wide flat bream lie in rows without the slightest movement. It is difficult for fish in winter. Air does not pass through the ice into the water. It becomes difficult for fish to breathe and they may die. Therefore, in winter they make holes in the ice. To prevent the water in the ice hole from freezing quickly, bundles of straw are placed in it and sprinkled with snow on top. Air passes well through snow and straw into the water. (Crucian carp, lenok, grayling, bream, perch, pike). ( Slide 14)

– How do insects endure winter?

(Some insects die from severe frosts, others fall asleep in the bark of trees, in cracks and wake up in the spring; ants go deep underground and sleep there until spring).

4. Work in groups “Wintering of birds” ( Slide 15)

(Children work with texts provided by the teacher and add what they know themselves).

- Guys, look at the slide, who is it? (Birds).

– But you must prepare yourself how birds winter:

1 group “Wintering birds”

Tits do not fly south. sparrows, crows, magpies, woodpeckers, black grouse, wood grouse. They flew to us for the winter from northern regions bullfinches and waxwings.

Group 2 “The Amazing Crossbill” (Performing a skit)

But the crossbill bird is happy about winter. Why? Let's listen to what he tells Chizhu about.

“You crossbill, why are you squealing?” Did they offend you, or what?

- No, Chizhik, I’m the one who’s happy!

- I found time to rejoice.

- Just the right time, just the right time! The chicks hatched in my nest - how cute, how good:

- In such and such frost? They won't stay alive!

- How will they live and live! I carry them spruce seeds, and my mother warms them like a stove. And they are warm, and nourished, and my song makes them happy!

- Why was the crossbill happy? Why do crossbills hatch chicks in winter?

Crossbills feed on spruce and pine seeds all winter. The seeds of these plants ripen by winter. This means that the most food for crossbills is available at this time of year. That's why these birds hatch their chicks in winter. There is snow and severe frost all around, and there are babies in the nest. But the cold is not scary for them, because they are always full.

Group 3 “Feed” birds in winter” (Slide 16 – 17)

How do all these birds survive the harsh winter, since they eat insects? The secret is simple: through your own “mind” and ingenuity. Since autumn, tits have been preparing food for the winter: they stuff literally millions of dried spiders and small insects into the cracks of tree bark. If there is enough food, then birds don’t mind frost. Sparrows, magpies, and crows feed near human habitations. Woodpeckers and pikas feed on insect larvae, extracting them from under the bark of trees. Jays and goldfinches collect the remaining fruits and seeds of plants.

Group 4 “How can we help birds in winter?”

Yet birds often go hungry in winter. You need to make a feeder, hang it on a tree, bring food there, hang a piece of lard at the window - for the tits.

Poem by A. Yashin “Feed the birds in winter”

Feed the birds in winter
Let it come from all over
They will flock to you like home,
Flocks on the porch.

Their food is not rich.
I need a handful of grain
One handful is not scary
It will be winter for them.

It’s impossible to count how many of them die,
It's hard to see.
But in our heart there is
And it's warm for the birds.

Train your birds in the cold
To your window
So that you don’t have to go without songs
Let's welcome spring.

V. Consolidation of the studied material

– Guys, you did a good job on the new topic. Now, I suggest you check yourself.

1. Addition of the table.

(Individual work on cards):

2. Pair work “Resettlement of the tenants” (Presentation 3)

These techniques allow you to evaluate each child.

VI. Reflection on activities in the lesson

– Guys, what have you learned about inanimate nature in winter?

– How do plants winter?

– How do animals spend the winter? Fish? Insects? Birds?

– How can we help animals in winter?

– What other object of living nature did we not talk about today? (About man; we will learn about the life and work of man in winter in the next lesson).

– What did you learn in the lesson?

– Which job did you like best?

– Express your attitude to the lesson with color. Students have a picture of a bird, animal, insect or fish. Color images are attached to the painting “Wildlife in Winter”. It turns out teamwork, who has been in class for several days. (If time permits in class, you can draw up all the drawings in Paint and display them on the screen at the end of the main presentation). ( Slide 18)

VII. Homework

– Prepare a photo story or a series of drawings on the topic “Wildlife in winter”

When compiling the lesson notes, Internet resources were used:

Everything that surrounds us and that is not created by human hands is called nature. All changes that we can observe in the world around us are natural phenomena. Let's consider what natural phenomena there are depending on the time of year.

Phenomena of living nature

As you know, nature can be living and non-living. Let's get acquainted with examples of living nature phenomena.

All living beings inhabiting our planet - humans, animals, birds, insects, fish, all types of plants, bacteria and various microbes - belong to the world of living nature.

In winter, nature seems to fall into sleep, and all living things prepare for this state:

Trees and bushes shed their leaves . This is because winter is very cold and there is little light, and normal leaves cannot grow in such conditions. But at coniferous species trees have leaves in the form of thin needles, which are not afraid of any frost. They fall off gradually, and new needles grow in their place.
In winter in conditions wildlife very little food . For this reason, some animals - bears, hedgehogs, chipmunks, badgers - hibernate in order to survive inclement weather. winter times. They dig themselves warm, cozy holes and sleep there until spring comes. Those animals that continue to live an active life in winter acquire a thick coat that prevents them from freezing.

Rice. 1. Bear in a den

With the onset of the first cold weather, many birds go to warmer climes to spend the winter there with greater comfort. Only those species of birds that have learned to eat different foods remain in their homeland.

In winter, even those birds that live in the city have a very hard time. There are almost no insects, berries and grains too. To help your feathered friends wait for the gentle spring sun, you can make feeders and feed them during the cold season.

In spring, nature awakens, and plants are the first to react: buds bloom on the trees, new leaves appear, and young green grass sprouts.

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Rice. 2. Spring forest

The animals are very happy about the long-awaited warmth. Now you can leave your dens and minks, and return to active life. Animals and birds have offspring in the spring, and their worries increase.

In summer and early autumn, nature pleases warm weather, an abundance of fruits, vegetables, berries. Animals raise their babies, teach them how to get food for themselves and how to defend themselves from enemies. In the fall, many animals make provisions for the winter, preparing for the upcoming cold weather.

Phenomena of inanimate nature

Inanimate nature includes all celestial bodies, water, air, soil, minerals, and stones.

In winter, natural phenomena are very harsh. It's good when it snows softly and the world turns into winter's tale. It is much worse when there is a fierce snowstorm, blizzard or blizzard outside.

In a steppe, open area, a blizzard is terrible in its strength - a strong blizzard, which makes it difficult to see anything even close up. Finding themselves in the center of a snowstorm, many travelers lost their bearings in space and froze.

Rice. 3. Blizzard

In spring, nature throws off its snowy shackles:

Ice drift begins on the rivers - melting and movement of ice downstream.
The snow is melting, the first thawed patches appear - small areas of thawed snow.
Warm winds begin to blow, winter precipitation changes to rain and spring showers.
Daylight hours are becoming longer and nights are becoming shorter.

All summer phenomena inanimate nature are directly related to warming. Dry, hot weather sets in, with variable precipitation. Rains may begin suddenly, with thunder and lightning. But within half an hour after heavy rain, the sun will shine brightly in the sky again.

And only in summer you can admire such a wonderful natural phenomenon as a rainbow!

With the onset of autumn, the daylight hours shorten again, the air temperature drops, and it often rains for a long time. In the morning, at the first frost, a thin layer of ice - frost - may appear on the surface of the earth and objects.

What have we learned?

In 2nd grade, the world around us studies such interesting topic How " Natural phenomena" We learned that nature can be living and non-living, and its phenomena largely depend on the time of year.

Test on the topic

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