Which place is the warmest? The coldest places on earth

The coldest place in Antarctica and the entire Earth as a whole is the Russian Vostok station.. On July 21, 1983, the lowest temperature on our planet in the history of meteorological observations was recorded here - 89.2 degrees Celsius. Naturally, such frosts at Vostok station are not all year round. average temperature August (the coldest month at the station) is -68 °C. The average temperature in December (the warmest month) is -31.9 °C. The warmest day in the history of the Vostok station was January 11, 2002, when the temperature reached -12.2 °C.

After Antarctica, the coldest part of the world on Earth is Asia, where records low temperatures recorded again on Russian territory. Disputes for the title of Pole of Cold of the Northern Hemisphere are between two settlements in Yakutia - the city of Verkhoyansk (population 1,200 people) and the village of Oymyakon (population about 500 people). Officially, this title belongs to Verkhoyansk, because February 5, 1892 on local meteorological station a temperature of -67.8 °C was recorded, which is a record in the history of official weather observations in the Northern Hemisphere. There were no meteorological observations in Oymyakon at that time, but unofficially in 1924, academician Sergei Obruchev recorded a temperature there of -71.2 °C. According to other sources, this record was broken in 1938, when the temperature in Oymyakon dropped to -77.8 °C. If we compare the altitude above sea level of the village of Oymyakon and the Antarctic station "Vostok", then Oymyakon can be considered the coldest place on Earth, because Vostok station is located at an altitude of 3488 meters above sea level, while Oymyakon is located at an altitude of 741 meters above sea level. Officially, the lowest recorded temperature in Oymyakon is -67.7 °C (in 1933). Surprisingly, in summer months in the coldest places in Russia it is hot like summer: on July 28, 2010 in Oymyakon it was +34.6 °C, and in Verkhoyansk temperature record with a plus sign is +37.3 °C.

The third coldest part of the world is North America. January 9, 1954 At the North Ice research station in Greenland, a temperature of -66.1 °C was recorded. If we take the mainland directly, then the title of the coldest place North America belongs to the now abandoned Canadian village of Snag, where on February 3, 1947, a temperature of -63 °C was recorded.

In addition to Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon, which are the coldest places in Asia and the entire Northern Hemisphere, in Russia, namely in the Komi Republic, there is also the coldest place in Europe is the village of Ust-Shchugor with a population of about 50 people. On December 31, 1978, a temperature of -58.1 °C was recorded here.

The coldest place South America- Argentine city of Sarmiento(Sarmiento), where on June 17, 1907, a temperature of -33 °C was recorded.

The coldest place in Australia and Oceania is the town of Ranfurly(Ranfurly) in New Zealand, where on July 18, 1903, a temperature of -25.6 °C was recorded.

Africa is the warmest place, but there are also sub-zero temperatures here. The coldest place in Africa is Ifrane(Ifrane) in Morocco, where on February 11, 1935, a temperature of -23.9 °C was recorded.

Oymyakon is the coldest place on Earth where people live permanently. The village is located in the east of Yakutia, on the left bank of the Indigirka River. According to Rosstat, in 2012, 512 people lived permanently at the Cold Pole. Most of them are reindeer herders, cattle breeders and fishermen. The infrastructure in Oymyakon is quite “urban”. There are shops, a bakery, a kindergarten, a school, a music school and a bank branch.

The average temperature of the coldest month of the year, January, is -46°C. The lowest temperature ever recorded in the Northern Hemisphere was recorded here. The official record was -71.2°C. Obviously, the most effective and powerful deicing agents are in high demand here. According to unofficial sources, in 1916 the thermometer dropped to -82. In summer there are white nights here, and in winter period the length of the short day just over 4.5 hours.

True, taking into account the sharply continental climate, summers here are relatively hot. The average temperature in July was + 14.9°C, and the absolute maximum in Oymyakon was 34.6°C.

Due to the aggressive climate, farming is impossible here. Vegetables and fruits are delivered by air. Less often - by ground transport. The runway is only open in summer.

Oymyakon has a competitor for the title of “coldest place”. In Verkhoyansk, similar average temperatures in January and absolute minimums were recorded.

According to unofficial data, in 1938 it was -77.8°C in the village. The Antarctic Vostok station recorded the lowest temperature on Earth (-89.2 °C), but the station is located at an altitude of 3488 m above sea level, and, if both temperatures are adjusted to sea level, it is the coldest place on the planet Oymyakon will be recognized (-68.3 and −77.6 degrees, respectively).

Surprisingly, in the language of the local reindeer herders, the name of the village of Oymyakon is translated as “non-freezing water”, because there are hot springs nearby.

The top 10 included coldest places on earth with record low temperatures ever recorded. Among them there are both populated areas and lands absolutely unsuitable for life. The undisputed leader Among the countries in terms of the number of coldest regions, Russia has become, since many of its villages are located in the zone permafrost.

(USA) - the northernmost urban settlement in North America opens the list of the coldest places on Earth. The city is located in a permafrost region. The soil here can freeze up to 400 meters deep. Barrow's climate is not only cold, but also dry. The winter season is considered extremely dangerous to life, since severe frosts are associated with strong winds. About three months a year the temperature exceeds 0 degrees, but does not rise above plus 4 degrees. Even in summer there are frosts here. The average annual temperature in Barrow is -12 degrees. The lowest temperature occurs in February and is -49°C. A special feature of the permafrost city is that the sun practically does not appear here from November to February.

Next American city(USA) also has the right to bear the title of the coldest place on the planet. Americans call this one locality“The nation’s refrigerator” for a reason: temperature indicators in the warmest month (July) they can be 0 degrees, and in the coldest month (January) they reach 49 degrees below zero.

(Kazakhstan) ranks eighth on the list of the coldest places on the planet and second among the coldest capitals in the world. IN winter time year, the mercury column can drop to -52 degrees. Winters here are very cold and long. The frost period begins in November and lasts until April. Typical for summer heat, which can reach +41°C. The annual average is 3 degrees above zero.

The city (Komi Republic) can bear the title of the coldest place in the world, which is located in the permafrost zone. The locality has subarctic climate and refers to the regions Far North. Frosts are observed here for 10 months of the year, and even in the summer a slight frost cannot be ruled out. Due to the harsh climate of Vorkuta, cultivation vegetable crops V open ground impossible. The average annual temperature in the city is -6 degrees. Absolute temperature minimum falls in December and is -57°C. IN summer period The mercury column can rise to +33 degrees.

The village (Komi Republic) is competing for the title of the coldest place on Earth. In 1978, record levels of 58 degrees below zero were recorded here. The average temperature of the coldest month (December) is -28 degrees, the warmest (July) is 14°C above zero. A small village of 30 people was located at an altitude of 75 meters above sea level.

The capital of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the city ranks fifth in the ranking of the coldest places on the planet. Severe Yakut frosts in winter the average is -40 degrees. Maximum minimum temperature here it can reach 65°C below zero. Winter lasts here for six months - from early October to late April. As for summer, for a northern city it’s worth abnormal heat, which can reach +40°C. The average annual temperature in Yakutsk is 9 degrees below zero. This is one of the largest urban settlements located on permafrost territory.

The former station (Greenland) ranks fourth on the list of the coldest places on Earth. In 1930, the lowest temperatures were recorded here, which amounted to -65 degrees. Average temperatures in February are 47 degrees below zero. In July, which is considered the warmest month here, the average temperature is -12°C. The station was located on the Greenland Shield at an altitude of 3010 meters above sea level. It was here that the Greenland expedition of Alfred Wegener was sent in the 30s of the last century, in which many people suffered from frostbite. Alfred Wegener himself died from hypothermia.

The station (Antarctica) reveals the three coldest places on planet Earth. It is here that the most severe climatic conditions are found: low temperatures are observed throughout the year. In 1983, the station officially recorded 89 degrees. The highest temperature was recorded in 1957 and was 13.6 degrees below zero. This area rightfully bears the status of “Pole of Cold”. The warmest months are December and January, when the average is -35°C. The station is located at an altitude of 3488 meters above sea level, which does not allow it to bear the title of the coldest place on earth. If the indicators are brought to sea level, then the village of Oymyakon in the Republic of Yakutia becomes the undisputed leader.

The city (Republic of Sakha) is the coldest place on the planet, after the village of Oymyakon. Verkhoyansk is also one of the smallest Russian cities with a population of just over 1,000 people. The lowest temperatures were recorded here in 1892 and amounted to minus 68 degrees. The city wears official status"Pole of Cold" Winters in the city of the Sakha Republic are long, very harsh and cold. In addition, there is an insignificant amount of precipitation, comparable to deserts. Therefore, Verkhoyansk is still one of the cities in Russia with the driest climate. Frosts are possible even in the summer, which does not last long. The average annual temperature is 18.6 degrees.

The village (Sakha Republic) is officially recognized as the coldest place on Earth. It is one of the “Poles of Cold” on the planet. This is one of the harshest places in the world climate indicators where he lives resident population with a staff of about 500 people. The village is located at an altitude of 745 m above sea level. The absolute minimum temperature here is 64 degrees, but according to some data, a temperature of -78 degrees was recorded in Oymyakon in 1938. Verkhoyansk also claimed to be the coldest place in the world, but according to meteorological data average annual temperature in Oymyakon it is 0.3°C lower than in Verkhoyansk, which allows it to take a leading place.

There are many in the world different places, differing from each other not only in history and culture, but also climatic conditions. We invite you to consider the coldest places on Earth. When selecting the top 10 locations, we took into account not only the low temperature, but also the duration of the cold weather. At the same time, we will not consider Antarctica or Russia as a single whole. Let's imagine instead separate zones, in which any traveler will feel the real cold. Thus, you can learn about the amazing features of our planet. So:

TOP 10 Coldest places in our world

10

I would like to start with the coldest place in Africa – Ifrane. Because everyone knows about the warm climate, but few people know that on February 11, 1935, a temperature of −23.9 °C was recorded here. This is very uncharacteristic for Africa, but the data is officially recorded. This place is located in Morocco! Currently, Ifrane is inhabited by people. Very rarely the temperature drops below zero. An exception may be January. At the beginning of the year, frosts can even reach 1 degree below zero. In July the temperature rises to +30 degrees!

−56˚C (not official)

Rounding out the Top 10 Coldest Places in the World is Rogers Pass. The settlement is located in America. In 1954, a record of -56 degrees was observed in this place. No other frosts like this were observed, so a well-deserved 9th place! The city is located at an altitude of 5.6 thousand meters above sea level. On this moment People live here and it’s quite warm in the summer. However, the peak of the drop in air temperature was seen in America. Thus, we have dispelled the myths that Antarctica is the leading place in terms of cold weather.

Are you interested? Then read our article about the hottest places and learn even more interesting facts!

−62 °C (not official)

An uninhabited corner of the earth that was once home to hundreds of thousands of builders. In 1971, during the construction of a pipeline system, a temperature of -62 °C degrees below zero was noticed here. No more similar declines were observed. After the order was completed, local residents left Alaska. It is worth noting that over 200 people died during construction. The average annual temperature here is -27 degrees. In winter it can drop to -45˚C. For this reason, the campsite was disbanded. To this day, no one even conducts research in this place.

−65.9 degrees

Speaking of the coldest places in which people live, it is necessary to mention Yukon, Canada. It's about about a small village located in Canada. The lowest figure was observed on February 3 in 1947. Local residents claim that the temperature reached -65.9 degrees, but this has not been confirmed. Currently, the lowest temperature drops to -36˚C. The cold is so severe that wooden houses crack. There is no vegetation to heat the fireplace. Despite this fact, people live here, or rather survive!

We are talking about research center, which is inhabited by only 8 people. Naturally, they are scientists who are responsible for the functioning of the facility. The record low frost temperature was recorded in 1947. According to instrument readings, it reached 55.3 °C below zero. From October to February it is impossible to see the sun in this place. The annual average is -16 degrees. Despite such poor conditions for plant development, many different flowers and animals are observed in this place. Currently the temperature does not drop below -40°C.

The coldest place in Europe is Ust-Shchuger. This is a small village located in the northern part Russian Federation. The record low temperature in this locality was recorded on New Year's Eve (December 31) in 1978. The indicator is 58.1 degrees below zero. The village is located in the Komi Republic. Currently, less than 50 people live here. Surely they have their own secrets, which are passed down from generation to generation, and help them survive in such frosts. There is simply no other explanation for the existence of people in Ust-Shchuger!

Another cold place in Greenland is considered the “Middle of Ice”. This is what the country calls a zone that is devoid of any buildings. The record low temperature was recorded at the end of 1930. The expedition, which was sent to study the nature of the ice floes, managed to record a drop in air temperature to -65° degrees. There is no doubt that throughout the entire period the temperature dropped below this level. There are no research stations here that could record the phenomenon.

Northais, Greenland

Northais is one of the coldest places on Earth. For a long time, the North American station, located in Greenland, was considered a secret facility. Research was done here environment. On January 9, 1954, specialists working at this base officially registered -66.1 degrees Celsius. After 2 decades, tourist trips began to be organized here. Temperatures currently reach a maximum of -47 degrees.

In these places, despite the average annual sub-zero temperature and record frosts in winter, people very rarely suffer from ARVI. Viruses and bacteria do not coexist here, but people feel good. The list of the top 10 coldest cities in the world included 5 at the same time, excluding o. Spitsbergen, as well as a domestic research station in Antarctica. Which confirms that Russia is the most cold country on the planet.

Vostok Station – a city of polar explorers and penguins

An inland Arctic station that has existed since 1957. The location is a small town consisting of several complexes, including residential and research modules, as well as technological buildings.

Having arrived here, a person begins to die, everything contributes to this: temperatures up to -90C, low concentration of oxygen, solid snow whiteness causes blindness. Here you cannot make sudden movements or experience prolonged physical exercise- all this can lead to pulmonary edema, death, and guaranteed loss of consciousness. When the Arctic winter sets in, the temperature drops below -80C, under such conditions gasoline thickens, diesel fuel crystallizes and turns into a paste, human skin dies in a matter of minutes.

Oymyakon is the coldest settlement on the planet

Absolute minimum: -78С, maximum: +30С.

A small settlement located in Yakutia is considered one of the “cold poles” of the planet. This place is recognized as the harshest on Earth with a permanent population. In total, about 500 people settled down in Oymyakon. The sharply continental climate is characterized by hot summers and extremely cold winters, which is ensured by the distance from the oceans that warm the air. Oymyakon is also notable for the fact that the difference maximum temperatures, - and +, is more than one hundred degrees. Despite its administrative status - a village, the place is included in the world rankings of the coldest cities in the world. For the whole of Oymyakon there is one store, a school, a boiler room, and a gas station. People survive by raising livestock.

Verkhoyansk is the northernmost city of Yakutia

Absolute minimum: -68С, maximum: +38С.

Verkhoyansk is recognized as another “pole of cold” and constantly competes with Oymyakon for this title, the competition sometimes reaching the point of exchanging accusations and insults. In summer, the dry heat can suddenly change to zero or negative temperatures. Winter is windy and very long.

There are no asphalt surfaces; they simply cannot withstand the temperature difference. Population – 1200 people. People are engaged in reindeer herding, cattle breeding, forestry, and tourism in the local economy. The city has two schools, a hotel, local history museum, weather station, shops. The younger generation is engaged in fishing and mining mammoth bone and tusks.

Yakutsk is the coldest large city on Earth

Absolute minimum: -65, maximum: +38С.

The capital of the Republic of Sakha is located at the foot of the Lena River. Yakutsk is the only large city in the ranking of the coldest cities in the world where you can pay with a bank card, go to a SPA, a restaurant with Japanese, Chinese, European, or any cuisine. The population is 300 thousand people. There are about fifty schools here, several higher educational institutions, theaters, opera, circus, an innumerable number of museums, small and medium-sized industry is well developed.

This is also the only settlement in the ranking to which asphalt has been laid. In summer and spring, when the ice melts, the roads are flooded, and continuous canals similar to the Venetian ones are formed. Up to 30% of the world's diamond reserves are concentrated in these regions, and almost half of the Russian Federation's gold is mined. In winter, it is very difficult to bring a car into Yakutsk; you have to heat the fuel line with a flame or a soldering iron. Every local at least once in his life confused morning with evening and vice versa.

Norilsk is the northernmost city on the planet with a population of more than 150 thousand people.

Absolute minimum: -53С, maximum: +32С.

Industrial city, part of Krasnoyarsk Territory. It is recognized as the northernmost city on the planet, with a permanent population exceeding 150 thousand people. Norilsk is included in the Earth rating, which is associated with the developed metallurgical industry. A state higher education institution has been opened in Norilsk, and an art gallery operates.

Guests and local residents constantly face a number of problems: due to low temperatures in winter, cars are usually stored in heated garages or not turned off for a long time, the height of snowdrifts can reach the 3rd floor, the force of the wind can move cars and carry people away.

Longyearbyen - the tourist capital of the Barentsburg Island

Absolute minimum: -43C, maximum: +21C.

This place is as far from the equator as the Vostok station. The world's northernmost airport with regular flights is located here - Svalbard. Longyearbyen is administrative unit Norway, but visa restrictions do not apply here - at the airport they put the mark “Departed from Norway”. You can get there by air or sea. Longyearbyen is the northernmost settlement with a population of more than a thousand people. The city can safely be called one of the coldest in the world, but it is more than suitable for a comfortable existence, compared to Verkhoyansk, for example.

What is noteworthy: it is forbidden to be born and die here - there are no maternity hospitals or cemeteries. The corpses, which are most often the result of an encounter between a person and a bear, are transported to the mainland. In the city, as on the entire island of Spitsbergen, two types of transport prevail - helicopter, snowmobile. The main activities of the locals are coal mining, dog sledding, skinning, and research activities. The island is home to the largest repository of male semen on the planet, which should save humanity in the event of a global catastrophe.

Barrow is the northernmost city in the USA

Absolute minimum: -47C, maximum: +26C.

Oil workers live here. The population of the city is 4.5 thousand people. In the summer, it is impossible to predict exactly what you will have to use to get to work tomorrow - by snowmobile or car. Snow and frost can come to the region at any time and replace the rare warm days.

Barrow is an atypical American town; here you can see tanned skins on houses and large bones of sea animals on the roads. There is no asphalt. But there is also a piece of civilization: a football field, an airfield, clothing and food stores. The city is drowning in the polar blues and ranks fourth among the coldest cities on the planet.

Murmansk is the largest city built beyond the Arctic Circle

Absolute minimum: -39C, maximum: +33C.

Murmansk is the only hero city located beyond the Arctic Circle. The only place in the Arctic, where more than 300 thousand people live. The entire infrastructure and economy is built around the port, one of the largest in Russia. The city is heating up warm current The Gulf Stream, which comes from the Atlantic Ocean.

Local residents do not deny themselves anything; there are McDonalds, Zara, Bershka, and many other stores, including the largest Russian supermarket chains. A developed hotel network. The roads are mostly asphalted.

Nuuk is the administrative center of Greenland

Absolute minimum: -32C, maximum: +26C.

From Nuuk to the Arctic Circle it is 240 kilometers, but the warm ocean current warms up the local air and soil. About 17 thousand people live here, who are engaged in fishing, construction, consulting, and science. There are several higher educational institutions in the city. In order not to plunge into depression associated with the climate, the houses are painted in different colors, gilding is often found on the streets, municipal transport is replete with bright signs. Something similar can be found in Copenhagen, which was not included in the ranking of the coldest cities on Earth due to warm currents.

Ulaanbaatar is the coldest capital of the state on the planet

Absolute minimum: -42C, maximum: +39C.

Ulaanbaatar - first place in Central Asia from the list of the coldest cities on the planet. The local climate is sharply continental, which is explained by the very large distance from ocean currents. The capital of Mongolia is located much further south than all representatives of the rating, except for the Vostok station. More than 1.3 million people live here. The level of infrastructure is far ahead of the rest of Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar closes the ranking of the coldest cities on the planet.